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| 基于SVD的泥浆流量中声信号精确时延提取 |
| Time Delay Extraction of Acoustic Signals in Slurry Flow Based on SVD |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-02 修订日期：2025-01-02 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 在钻井作业中，采用外夹式超声流量计测量泥浆流速是一种创新的测量方法。与传统的外夹式超声流量计不同，由于泥浆的衰减效应，需选择相对较低的超声激发频率，实践表明这将导致管道导波对信号产生干扰，进而使得互谱法难以准确提取声波时延。为解决这一问题，本文首先分析了管道导波对时延估计的影响，并基于互谱法的时延估计原理，结合相位信息的线性特性，提出了一种基于奇异值分解（SVD）的方法来提取透射波的相位信息。通过对残差和决定系数的分析，确定了奇异值阶次的选择策略，从而有效减少了导波对相位信息的干扰。实验结果表明，该方法的泥浆流速测量误差为±4%，满足了现场测量的需求。测量结果验证了该算法在消除导波干扰方面的有效性，为钻井泥浆流量测量提供了一种新的解决方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In drilling operations, the use of an external clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter to measure slurry flow velocity represents an innovative approach. Unlike conventional external clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters, the attenuation effect of slurry requires the selection of relatively low ultrasonic excitation frequencies. Experimental observations have shown that this choice leads to interference from pipeline guided waves, which in turn complicates the accurate extraction of acoustic wave time delays using cross-spectral methods. To address this issue, this paper first analyzes the impact of guided waves on time delay estimation. Based on the time delay estimation principles of the cross-spectral method, and leveraging the linear characteristics of phase information, a singular value decomposition (SVD)-based approach is proposed to extract the phase information of the transmitted wave. By analyzing the residuals and the coefficient of determination, a strategy for selecting the appropriate number of singular values is determined, which effectively mitigates the interference from guided waves on the phase information. The experimental results indicate that the measurement error of the slurry flow velocity using this method is ±4%, which meets the requirements for on-site measurements. The measurement results validate the effectiveness of this algorithm in eliminating guided wave interference, providing a novel solution for slurry flow measurement in drilling operations. |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 外夹式超声流量计 导波 奇异值分解 时延估计 |
| 英文关键词: External Clamp-on Ultrasonic Flowmeter Guided Waves SVD Time Delay Estimation |
| 基金项目:油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目“基于钻井早期溢流监测的自动化关井技术研究”（PLN202012） |
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