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| 汽车前端冷却风扇车外气动噪声数值仿真 |
| The numerical simulation of external aerodynamic noise of the front cooling fan of an automobile |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-23 修订日期：2025-06-04 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 针对汽车前端冷却风扇的气动噪声问题，采用改进的延迟分离涡模拟(IDDES)和声学有限元法对整车冷却风扇开展了流场和声学的联合数值仿真研究。基于IDDES计算得到风扇的流场特性与气动声源，运用Lighthill声类比和有限元法计算得到整车车外的噪声结果。对比仿真和测试结果：仿真频谱和试验频谱的一致性较好，总声压级偏差较小，验证了当前仿真方法可应用于汽车冷却风扇车外气动噪声的前期预测。进一步对流场特征变量的定量分析发现：整车风扇车外气动噪声的主要声源来自于冷却风扇叶轮噪声，发动机舱内其余部件对整车车外噪声贡献较小，故对整车风扇气动噪声的优化应着重于风扇本身。此外，本文探索了两种简化建模方法，可以在大幅减少建模时间和计算量的同时保持一定的计算精度，适用于工程应用中设计前期对整车车外噪声的快速评估。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the aerodynamic noise issue of the automobile cooling fan, this paper employs the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) approach and the finite element method to conduct a joint numerical simulation study on the flow field and acoustics of the automobile cooling fan. Based on the flow field characteristics and aerodynamic sound sources obtained from IDDES calculations, the Lighthill acoustic analogy and finite element method are utilized to compute the exterior noise of the entire vehicle. A comparison between simulation and test results shows good agreement in terms of spectral consistency and minimal deviation in overall sound pressure levels, validating the current simulation method's applicability for prediction of exterior aerodynamic noise from automotive cooling fans. Further quantitative analysis of flow field characteristic variables reveals that the primary sound source of exterior aerodynamic noise from the vehicle's cooling fan originates from the fan impeller, while other components within the engine compartment contribute minimally to the exterior noise. Therefore, optimizations for reducing the vehicle's fan aerodynamic noise should focus primarily on the fan itself. Additionally, this paper explores two simplified modeling approaches that significantly reduce modeling time and computational load while maintaining a certain level of accuracy, making them suitable for rapid assessments of exterior vehicle noise during the early design stages in engineering applications. |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 气动噪声 IDDES 声学有限元 汽车冷却风扇 数值仿真 |
| 英文关键词: Aerodynamic noise IDDES Finite element method Automotive cooling fan Numerical simulation |
| 基金项目: |
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