| 张芮宁,张圆,刘洋.城市社区公园声景分布与景观特征关联性研究——以沈阳鲁迅公园为例*[J].,2022,41(2):207-215 |
| 城市社区公园声景分布与景观特征关联性研究——以沈阳鲁迅公园为例* |
| Relationship between the landscape characteristics and the distribution of the soundscape in community parks : a case study of Lu Xun Park, Shenyang |
| 投稿时间：2021-12-15 修订日期：2022-02-28 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 城市社区公园为附近居民提供休憩与交往的公共空间，使用者是公园声景的创造者也是体验者。在公园设计中，将建成后的声景纳入考虑因素，在支持居民休闲活动的同时，创造良好的听觉环境体验，具有提升人居健康福祉和空间公平的现实意义。该研究以城市社区公园——沈阳鲁迅公园为研究对象，通过现场声景调查和使用者问卷，探究声景时空分布特征及居民体验；建构公园景观特征指数，探讨声景时空分布与景观特征的关联性。数据表明：自然声、居民活动声和周围道路交通声构成公园丰富的声景要素，园区内声压级、各类声事件感知显著性呈现不同的时空分布特征；受访者对典型声事件的愉悦性和干扰性评价呈现聚类性特征；以此为基础构建的表征公园景观特征的自然指数、人群聚集指数和交通影响指数，其分别与对应声事件的感知显著性显著相关。基于景观特征与声景分布的关联性，结合公园使用者的声景体验，提出与公园景观设计相结合的社区公园声景优化策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Community parks provide public spaces for the everyday rest and social activities for nearby residents. The users are both the creators and the experiencers of the soundscape of the park. In the design of parks, practical significances for improving the health and well-being of human settlements and the fairness of space exists in taking the soundscape into consideration to create good auditory experiences while supporting residents'' leisure activities. This paper took a community park in a high-density city — Luxun Park in Shenyang, China as the research object, and explored the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the soundscape and residents'' soundscape experience through on-site soundscape evaluations and questionnaire surveys for visitors. Additionally, indices for the landscape characteristics were constructed to explore their relationship to the temporal and spatial distribution of the soundscape. The data showed that natural sounds, activity sounds, and traffic sounds together made up a rich soundscape in the park. The sound pressure level in the park and the perceived saliency of various acoustic events show different spatial and temporal distribution characteristics; the respondents'' evaluation of the pleasantness and disturbance of typical acoustic events shows clustering characteristics; based on this, the characteristics of the park landscape are constructed. The Natural Index, the Crowd Index and the Traffic Influence Index, which were significantly correlated with the perceived saliency of the corresponding sound events, respectively. Based on the correlation between landscape features and soundscape distribution, combined with the soundscape experience of park users, a community park soundscape optimization strategy supplementing the routine landscape design of parks was proposed. |
| DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2022.02.005 |
| 中文关键词: 社区公园 声景时空分布 愉悦性 干扰性 景观特征 关联性 |
| 英文关键词: community parks temporal and spatial characteristics of the soundscape pleasantness disturbance landscape characteristics relationship |
| 基金项目:辽宁省教育厅服务地方科研项目（Infw202004）；辽宁省人民政府决策咨询智库课题（2021LNSZK-06） |
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