| 张润海,苏林,李赫,王文博,王同,马力,郭圣明.深海垂直阵空时频域联合线谱增强方法*[J].,2025,43(3):658-668 |
| 深海垂直阵空时频域联合线谱增强方法* |
| Deep-sea vertical array space-time-frequency domain combined line spectrum enhancement method |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-22 修订日期：2025-04-25 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 线谱检测是水声信号检测的一个重要方法，在深海环境下使用大深度的垂直阵列能够利用阵增益来提高信噪比，其中最利于实现的阵列信号处理方式就是常规波束形成（Conventional Beamforming，CBF），但常规波束形成方法有其局限性。由于垂直阵无水平指向性，极易受到水面航船干扰，在较低信噪比的环境中CBF方法无法完全满足检测要求。本文提出一种基于常规波束形成和自适应线谱增强（Adaptive Line Enhancement，ALE）的空时频域联合处理方法，为了解决工程应用上因计算精确度需求导致的计算效率降低的问题，引入了频域自适应线谱增强（Frequency domain adaptive Line Enhancement，FALE）的方法将时域计算转化为频域计算，运用快速傅里叶变换的方法解决了计算效率问题。通过仿真与海试实验验证，本文提出的波束形成与自适应线谱增强联合处理的方法计算效率较高，能够有效的去除线谱外的宽带噪声提高信噪比，从而在噪声信号复杂的水声环境中更加高效的提取出目标线谱信号，获得更加精确的检测效果，在工程上有着良好的应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Line spectrum detection is an important method for underwater acoustic signal detection. Deep vertical array can use array gain to improve signal-to-noise ratio in deep-sea environment. The most favorable array signal processing method is conventional beamforming (CBF), but conventional beamforming method has its limitations. Because the vertical array has no horizontal directivity, it is easy to be interfered by surface ships, and CBF method cannot meet the detection requirements completely in the environment with low signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, a Space-time-frequency domain joint processing method based on the combination of conventional beamforming and adaptive line enhancement (ALE) is proposed. In order to solve the problem of decreasing computational efficiency due to the requirement of computational accuracy in engineering applications, the method of Frequency domain adaptive Line Enhancement (FALE) was introduced to transform time domain computation into frequency domain computation. The problem of computational efficiency is solved by using fast Fourier transform (FFT). Verified by simulation and sea test experiments, the joint processing method of beamforming and adaptive line enhancement proposed in this paper has higher computational efficiency, and can effectively remove the wide-band noise outside the line spectrum and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Thus, the target line spectrum signal can be extracted more efficiently in the underwater acoustic environment with complex noise signals, and a more accurate detection effect is obtained, which has a good application prospect in engineering. |
| DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.03.014 |
| 中文关键词: 垂直阵、波束形成、自适应线谱增强 |
| 英文关键词: vertical array beamforming adaptive line enhancement |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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