| 朱立超,韩晓,王成,单鸣雷,杨雨,韩庆邦.弹性薄膜抗空蚀效应实验研究*[J].,2025,44(4):930-938 |
| 弹性薄膜抗空蚀效应实验研究* |
| Experimental study on the cavitation erosion reduction effect of elastic thin films |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-05 修订日期：2025-06-25 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 应用弹性涂层或材料可降低空蚀对水工建筑物和水下机械产生破坏的可能性，延长其使用寿命并减少维护成本。本文研究了空化泡在近弹性薄膜处的溃灭特性与弹性模量、无量纲距离的关系，使用豪斯多夫距离对空化泡演变过程进行了形态学分析，并通过射流速度和基于球帽模型的冲击压强分析弹性边界的抗空蚀效应。结果表明：(1)近弹性薄膜产生的空化泡溃灭的射流速度明显小于刚性固壁，并且随着无量纲距离的增大而减小。(2)空化泡第一次溃灭产生的冲击压强与无量纲距离不存在绝对的线性关系，在无量纲距离小于0.4或大于1.0时都较小，且明显小于平直固壁受到的平均冲击压强。这说明相比平直固壁，弹性薄膜有效降低了空蚀破坏。本文为弹性边界抗空蚀研究提供了新的方法，研究结论可为选取弹性材料从而减免空蚀破坏提供理论支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The application of elastic coatings or materials can reduce the likelihood of cavitation damage to hydraulic structures and underwater machinery, thereby extending their service life and reducing maintenance costs. This study investigates the cavitation collapse characteristics near an elastic membrane in relation to elastic modulus and dimensionless distance. Morphological analysis of cavitation evolution using the Hausdorff distance and analysis of the cavitation reduction effect of elastic boundaries through jet velocity and impact pressure based on the cap model were conducted. The results demonstrate that: (1) the jet velocity for cavitation collapse near an elastic membrane is significantly lower than that near a rigid wall and decreases with increasing dimensionless distance; (2) the impact pressure generated by the first cavitation collapse does not exhibit an absolute linear relationship with dimensionless distance, being relatively small when the dimensionless distance is less than 0.4 or greater than 1.0, and notably lower than the average impact pressure on a flat rigid wall. This indicates that compared to a flat rigid wall, an elastic membrane effectively reduces cavitation damage. This study provides a novel approach for investigating cavitation reduction at elastic boundaries and offers theoretical support for selecting elastic materials to mitigate cavitation damage. |
| DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.04.014 |
| 中文关键词: 空化 弹性边界 空蚀 豪斯多夫距离 球帽模型 |
| 英文关键词: Cavitation bubbles Elastic boundary Cavitation Hausdorff distance Hemispherical cap model |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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