| 王巍然,安志武.局部放电中声波产生机理及仿真分析*[J].,2025,44(2):489-496 |
| 局部放电中声波产生机理及仿真分析* |
| Mechanism and simulation analysis of sound wave generation in partial discharge |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-30 修订日期：2025-02-28 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 局部放电是电力设备安全运行的严重隐患。超声法可以探测局部放电发出的声波并定位声源，是一种被广泛应用的检测手段。为了更加准确地描述局部放电产生超声波的机理和过程，该文针对电晕放电这一典型的局部放电现象在理论上分析了其产生声波的机理。该理论基于流体动力学理论，将带电粒子的连续性方程、电场泊松方程和有源声波方程进行耦合，并利用有限元仿真求解出了声场分布。结果表明：声源附近处的声波频率和放电电流脉冲频率保持一致；声波具有较强的指向性，针尖正下方的声场明显强于其他方向；随着传播距离的增大，声波出现明显衰减，且高频分量衰减更快，表现为峰值频率向低频漂移；放电电流脉冲幅值、声压大小和峰值频率均和外接电压幅值呈正相关。相关结果能较好地明晰电学量与声学量之间的关系，为局部放电超声检测法的定量化研究提供一定帮助。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Partial discharge is a serious hidden danger for the safe operation of power equipment. Ultrasonic method can detect the sound waves emitted by partial discharge and locate the sound source. It is a widely used detection method. In order to more accurately describe the mechanism and process of ultrasonic waves generated by partial discharge, this article theoretically analyzes the mechanism of sound wave generation of corona discharge, a typical partial discharge phenomenon. This theory is based on the theory of fluid dynamics, coupling the continuity equation of charged particles, the Poisson equation of the electric field and the active acoustic wave equation, and finite element simulation is used to solve the sound field distribution. The results show that: the frequency of the sound wave near the sound source is consistent with the frequency of the discharge current pulse; the sound wave has strong directivity, and the sound field directly under the needle tip is significantly stronger than in other directions; as the propagation distance increases, the sound wave attenuates significantly, and the high-frequency component attenuates faster, which is manifested as the peak frequency drifting to low frequency; the discharge current pulse amplitude, sound pressure and peak frequency are all positively correlated with the external voltage amplitude. The relevant results can better clarify the relationship between electrical quantities and acoustic quantities and provide certain help for quantitative research on partial discharge ultrasonic detection methods. |
| DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.02.024 |
| 中文关键词: 局部放电 电晕放电 发声机理 仿真分析 流体动力学模型 |
| 英文关键词: Partial discharge Corona discharge sound generation mechanism Simulation analysis Fluid dynamics model |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（重点项目） |
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