Page 90 - 《应用声学》2023年第6期

第 42 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 42, No. 6
2023 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2023

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

用纵横波声时比法测螺栓轴力

刘广兴 1,3 崔伟坛 1,3 张瑞峰 1,3 张丙法 1,3 刘楚达 2 席传让 2†

(1 山东电力工业锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 济南 250000)

(2 长沙飚能信息科技有限公司 长沙 410000)
(3 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 济南 250000)

摘要：用纵横波测量螺栓轴力的技术已取得较大发展。该文介绍了纵横波比值法原理，通过理论推导，获得比
值法计算的简易公式。建立试验平台，用现场用螺栓进行标定和测量，得出比值法在工程实践状态下的测量误
差在 10% 以内，基本能满足工程应用的要求。此外，针对试验结果，该文还初步探讨了误差出现的原因以及提
高精度的方法。该文介绍的比值法，无需精确测量标定螺栓长度和纵横波声速，现场应用更加简洁，具有较大
的工程应用价值。
关键词：纵横波；螺栓；轴力测量；超声波；比值法
中图法分类号: O429 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2023)06-1200-07
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2023.06.012

The accuracy of measuring bolt axial force by acoustic time ratio method of

longitudinal and transverse waves

LIU Guangxing 1,3 CUI Weitan 1,3 ZHANG Ruifeng 1,3 ZHANG Bingfa 1,3
LIU Chuda 2 XI Chuanrang 2

(1 Shandong Electric Power Industry Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection Center Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China)
(2 Changsha Buiand Information Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China)
(3 State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan 250000, China)

Abstract: The technology of measuring bolt axial force by longitudinal and transverse waves has been devel-
oped greatly. This paper introduces the principle of longitudinal and transverse wave ratio method, and obtains
the simple formula of ratio method through theoretical derivation. The test platform is established, and the
field bolt is used to calibrate and measure. The measurement error of the ratio method introduced in this paper
is less than 10% in engineering practice, which can basically meet the requirements of engineering application.
In addition, according to the test results, the causes of errors and method of improving the accuracy are also
discussed in this paper. The ratio method introduced in this paper does not need to accurately measure the
length of the calibration bolt and the velocity of the longitudinal and transverse waves, which is more concise
in field application and has great engineering application value.
Keywords: Longitudinal and transverse wave; Bolt; Axial force measurement; Ultrasonic wave; Ratio method

2022-06-29 收稿; 2022-11-01 定稿
作者简介: 刘广兴 (1981– ), 男, 山东济南人, 本科, 研究方向: 无损检测。
† 通信作者 E-mail: 20255447@qq.com