Page 137 - 《应用声学》2020年第1期

第 39 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 39, No. 1
2020 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2020

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

碟形超声变幅杆的设计

李阿杰 徐 兵 李喜峰 † 张建华

(上海大学机电工程与自动化学院 上海 200072)

摘要：优化超声变幅杆的形状结构可有效地提高水域声场分布和空化区域，提升对水域超声空化效果。通过
模拟分析发现传统超声变幅杆在水域中具有声场分布均匀性差、变幅杆端部声压高等特征，不利于声波在水
域中传播。基于此，提出并优化设计了一种具有碟形结构的变幅杆，位于变幅杆的最大振幅处的碟形结构，有
更大的振动位移；模拟表明其水域声场和声压均衡度显著优于传统变幅杆，铝箔空化腐蚀实验进一步证实了
其水域中的声压分布均匀性。同时，实验通过铝箔的空化腐蚀、KI 剂量测定及工件表面油渍去除对比了传统
变幅杆和碟形变幅杆，分析表明碟形变幅杆所在水域中有较大的空化腐蚀区域，腐蚀速率明显提升，声化学反
应速率提高，油渍去除程度增强，说明了设计的碟形变幅杆能够促进空化泡的产生，增加水域空化区域。
关键词：超声空化；变幅杆；空化腐蚀；KI 剂量测定；COMSOL 模拟
中图法分类号: TB532 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2020)01-0133-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2020.01.017

Design of dish-shaped ultrasonic horn

LI Ajie XU Bing LI Xifeng ZHANG Jianhua

(School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China)

Abstract: The distribution of the ultrosonic fields and cavitation zones in the water domain can be signifi-
cant effected by optimizing the physical parameters of the ultrasonic horn and then improving the ultrasonic
efficiency. The cavitation bubbles are formed near the horn tip, which causing severe attenuation of ultrasonic
irradiating and having poor efficiency of energy conversion through using FEM model. Therefore, a dish-shaped
ultrosonic horn is proposed and optimized. The dish-shaped horn generates a larger vibration displacement
and has a better distribution of energy in the ultrasonic reactor compared with typical horn and further inves-
tigation was verified by aluminium foil. Finally, the determined field parameters are related to the cavitation
effects by means of etching patterns analysis of perforated aluminium foil and KI dosimetry and removing oil
from the workpiece surface. The experimental results demonstrate dish-shaped ultrosonic horn contributes
to sonochemical reaction and creating a larger reactive zone and cavitation bubbles, having a higher energy
efficiency and oil removing ability, compared with typical horn.
Keywords: Ultrasonic cavitation; Ultrasonic horn; Aluminum foil corrosion; KI dosimetry; COMSOL
simulation

2019-04-10 收稿; 2019-08-20 定稿
作者简介: 李阿杰 (1992– ), 男, 安徽阜阳人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 超声换能器。
† 通信作者 E-mail: lixifeng@shu.edu.cn