Page 227 - 《应用声学》2024年第1期

第 43 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 43, No. 1
2024 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2024

⋄ 综述 ⋄

空气耦合超声检测复合材料研究综述 ∗

郭占玲 1 沈 斌 1 赵志钢 2 刘 瑶 2†

(1 浙江清华长三角研究院海纳精密加工中心 嘉兴 314000)
(2 中北大学机械工程学院 太原 030051)

摘要：复合材料普遍具有高比强度、高比刚度、高模量、耐腐蚀等优异性能，广泛应用于飞机机翼、导弹外壳、航
空发动机壳体等部位。制造和服役过程中各类缺陷影响复合材料的力学性能和服役性能，必须采用有效的方
法准确检测和评估复合材料中各类缺陷。空气耦合式超声检测具有完全非接触、非侵入、无损伤和无需耦合剂
的特点，能够很好地运用于复合材料的在线和在位检测。该文就近年来空气耦合超声检测技术的研究现状进
行了系统综述，简明扼要地分析和介绍了当前空气耦合超声检测的研究热点及进展，重点介绍了 1-3 型压电复
合材料换能器、信号处理技术、相控聚焦式空气耦合超声检测、超声在复合材料的传播特性及其与缺陷交互作
用的研究现状，探讨了空气耦合超声无损检测技术与仪器的发展方向，总结了目前空气耦合超声检测的研究
热点问题，最后展望了空气耦合超声检测的发展趋势和应用前景。
关键词：空气耦合超声检测；复合材料检测；换能器；信号处理；相控阵
中图法分类号: TB332 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2024)01-0223-14
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2024.01.026

Development status of air-coupled ultrasonic testing composites

GUO Zhanling 1 SHEN Bin 1 ZHAO Zhigang 2 LIU Yao 2

(1 Precision Machining Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314000, China)
(2 School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China)

Abstract: Composite materials with high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high modulus, corrosion
resistance and other excellent properties are widely used in aircraft wing, missile shell, aircraft engine shell
and other parts. The mechanical properties and service properties of composite materials are affected by
various defects in manufacturing and service. Effective methods must be adopted to accurately detect and
evaluate various defects in composite materials. Air coupled ultrasonic detection is completely non-contact,
non-invasive and non-damaging. It can be better used in the situation that traditional ultrasonic detection is
difficult to adapt. It has a broad development prospect. In this paper, 1-3 piezoelectric composite transducers,
signal processing technology, phase-controlled focused air-coupled ultrasonic testing, the research status of
ultrasonic propagation characteristics in composite materials and its interaction with defects are introduced,
and the development direction of air-coupled ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology and instruments are
discussed. At last, the development trend and application prospect of air-coupled ultrasonic detection are
forecasted.
Keywords: Air-coupled ultrasonic detection; Composite material testing; Transducer; Signal processing;
Phased array

2023-05-11 收稿; 2023-08-07 定稿
国家重点研发计划项目 (2022YFC3005002), 国家自然科学基金项目 (51905498), 浙江省自然科学基金资助项目 (LY23E050002)
∗
作者简介: 郭占玲 (1995– ), 女, 河南鹤壁人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 空气耦合超声检测与精密加工。
† 通信作者 E-mail: liuyao@nuc.edu.cn