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第 37 卷 第 5 期 Vol. 37, No.5
2018 年 9 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics September, 2018

纪念应崇福院士诞辰100周年

小型矢量阵深海被动定位方法

杨士莪 †

(哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院 哈尔滨 150001)

摘要 文中提出一种适用于深海条件下并已知各项有关环境参数时，利用七元小型矢量立体阵，借助测定目
标辐射噪声由不同途径自声源到达接收点的天顶角及方位角的结果，依据射线声学方法求得目标方位、距离
和所在深度的被动定位方法。给出了矢量阵依多极子原理进行波束形成的计算公式，并就一种简单水文模型，
给出解析计算公式。
关键词 矢量立体阵，深海被动定位，射线声学
中图法分类号: TB56 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2018)05-0588-05
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2018.05.001

Method of passive localization in deep sea by small vector sensor array

YANG Shie

(College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

Abstract In paper a method of passive positioning of target, using small 3-D vector sensor array composed
by seven sensors, had been proposed, which can be used in deep sea, provided the relevant environmental factors
are known. The method depends on measurements about zenith and azimuth of noise coming from target to
the array along different pathes, and the result can be given by means of geometric acoustics. In paper formulas
for beamforming of vector sensor array, when using method of multi-pole, are given, and analytic formulas for
result computation are also given as example for one simple hydrological model.
Key words Cubic vector sensor array, Passive positioning at deep sea, Geometric acoustics

2018-05-14 收稿; 2018-06-25 定稿
作者简介: 杨士莪 (1931- ), 男, 河南南阳人, 中国工程院院士, 教授, 研究方向: 水声工程。
† 通讯作者 E-mail: yangshie@hrbeu.edu.cn