Page 152 - 《应用声学》2020年第3期

第 39 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 39, No. 3
2020 年 5 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics May, 2020

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

输气管道泄漏的波达时差交叉定位方法 ∗

王 强 1 郑晓亮 1† 薛 生 2 袁宏永 3 付 明 3

(1 安徽理工大学电气与信息工程学院 淮南 232001)
(2 安徽理工大学能源与安全学院 淮南 232001)
(3 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院 合肥 230601)
摘要：为了实现对管道泄漏位置的三维定位，该文提出一种基于波达时差法的交叉定位方法。将传感器阵列
布放在不同位置，通过波达时差法获取远场泄漏声源的两组空间方位信息，对两组方位交叉求取空间伪交点
从而完成定位。建立泄漏定位实验平台，分析了多种互相关方法以及阵列孔径、布放间距、泄漏位置等因素对
延时估计和定位精度的影响。实验结果表明：选取基本互相关法对泄漏信号的 10 ∼ 500 Hz 分量进行互相关分
析，能够获取稳定的延时估计结果；在有效信号检测范围内，增大阵列孔径和布放间距能有效减少误差；该文
方法相较于现有波达时差法能有效提高距离原点 4 m 以上泄漏位置的定位精度。
关键词：管道泄漏；三维定位；波达时差法；测向交叉；互相关分析
中图法分类号: TN911.7 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2020)03-0472-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2020.03.021

Leakage localization method for gas pipelines using cross localization based on
time difference of arrival

WANG Qiang 1 ZHENG Xiaoliang 1 XUE Sheng 2 YUAN Hongyong 3 FU Ming 3

(1 School of Electric and Information Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China)
(2 School of Mining and Safety Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China)
(3 Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Hefei 230601, China)
Abstract: To locate the gas pipeline leakage point three-dimensionally, a cross localization method based
on time difference of arrival (TDOA) is presented. A sensor array is set in two positions, and two groups
of spatial orientation are obtained by TDOA. Then the leakage point is three-dimensionally located through
adopting cross localization method to find a pseudo intersection point of the two groups of spatial orientation.
Experimental platform was established to analyze the effects of cross correlation methods, array aperture,
array spacing and leakage positions on the delay estimation and localization performance. Experimental results
indicate that a stable result of time delay estimation could be obtained by using basic cross correlation to analyze
the 10-500 Hz component of leakage signal. Within the effective distance for signal detection, errors could be
reduced by increasing the array aperture and spacing. Compared to the existing method, the localization
accuracy for the leakage points which are more than 4 m from the origin can be improved by using the cross
localization method.
Keywords: Pipeline leakage; 3D localization; Time difference of arrival; Cross localization; Cross correlation

2019-07-17 收稿; 2019-11-28 定稿
“十三五” 国家重点研发计划项目 “冬奥会公共安全综合风险评估技术”(2018YFF0301000), 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院院士工作站
∗
课题 (2017K001)
作者简介: 王强 (1995– ), 男, 安徽芜湖人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 自动化、安全监测与监控技术。
† 通信作者 E-mail: zhengxl@aust.edu.cn