Page 74 - 《应用声学》2020年第6期

第 39 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 39, No. 6
2020 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2020

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

小直径棒材纵波斜入射检测仿真分析

王 铮 1,2† 刘 骁 1,3

(1 北京航空材料研究院 北京 100095)
(2 航空材料检测与评价北京市重点实验室 北京 100095)
(3 中国航空发动机集团材料检测与评价重点实验室 北京 100095)

摘要：采用超声水浸聚焦纵波斜入射方式进行小棒材表面、近表缺陷检测时，声波在水/棒和棒/缺陷界面会
发生反射、折射、散射、衍射及波型转换等一系列物理变换。此时缺陷可检性对声波入射条件十分敏感，常出
现由于检测条件设置不当而导致缺陷漏检、误检的情况。为解决这一问题，该文针对小棒材纵波斜入射检测
中的主要参数 ——入射纵波角度和检测水距，开展声场及缺陷声响应仿真，研究检测参数对不同部位缺陷检
测能力的影响，并对仿真结果进行试验验证。通过研究发现，对于 ϕ10 mm 高温合金小棒材，入射纵波角度为
19.4 、折射横波角度为 45 、检测水距等于聚焦探头焦距时，对表面刻槽和近表面横孔缺陷均可获得较好的检
◦
◦
测效果。实验验证结果表明研究制定的检测方案可有效检测出小棒材表面和近表面缺陷。
关键词：小棒材；缺陷；横波；仿真；声场
中图法分类号: TB551 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2020)06-0868-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2020.06.009

Simulation analysis of longitudinal wave oblique incidence detection of
small diameter bar

WANG Zheng 1,2 LIU Xiao 1,3

(1 Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China)
(2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation, Beijing 100095, China)
(3 Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation Aero Engine
Corporation of China, Beijing 100095, China)

Abstract: Ultrasonic immersion focusing test technology is used to inspect the detects in the surface and near
surface of small bars. A series of physical transformations, such as reflection, refraction, scattering, diffraction
and waveform conversion, may occur. The detestability of defects is sensitive to the incident conditions of
sound waves. Defects are often missed or mistakenly detected due to improper setting of detection conditions.
Incident longitudinal angle and water distance are the main test parameters. The simulations of acoustic field
and defect acoustic response are carried out by changing the values of the two main parameters. The influence
of inspection parameters on the inspection ability of different parts is studied. And the simulation results are
verified. It is found that for the superalloy bar of ϕ10 mm, when the incident longitudinal wave angle is 19.4 ,
◦
the refracted transverse wave angle is 45 , and the detection water distance is equal to the focal length of the
◦
focus probe, the surface groove and the near surface transverse hole defects can be detected well. The test
results show that the detection scheme can effectively detect the surface and near surface defects of small bars.
Keywords: Small bar; Defect; Transverse wave; Simulation; Sound field

2020-03-03 收稿; 2020-07-15 定稿
作者简介: 王铮 (1978– ), 女, 辽宁朝阳人, 高级工程师, 研究方向: 无损检测。
† 通信作者 E-mail: wangzhengnln@sina.com