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第 40 卷 第 3 期                                                                       Vol. 40, No. 3
             2021 年 5 月                          Journal of Applied Acoustics                      May, 2021

             ⋄ 研究报告 ⋄


                    变压器振动在典型建筑结构中的衰减特性                                                             ∗



                      卢 铃    1   谢紫银      2†   吴晓文     1   Hakbong Kim      2  李 军     2   翟国庆     2



                            (1 国网湖南省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 (国网电力设施噪声与振动实验室)                  长沙   410007)
                                             (2 浙江大学环境过程研究所        杭州   310058)
                摘要:为掌握 10 kV 居民区配电变压器振动在建筑中的衰减规律,将实测的变压器振动加速度转化为激励
                力,作用于剪力墙和框架建筑上,采用有限元法仿真研究变压器振动在建筑中的衰减特性。结果表明,在具
                有相同层高、层数的剪力墙、框架高层建筑中,位于负一层的变压器传播至各楼层的铅垂向振动加速度级
                (0 ∼ 500 Hz), 随楼层离地高度 h 对数值 (lg h) 的增加线性下降,其斜率分别为 33.26 和 24.84,前者的衰减速
                率 (lg h 每增加 1 振动加速度级的衰减量) 约为后者的 1.3 倍;在剪力墙、框架多层建筑中斜率分别为 31.87 和
                20.07, 前者的衰减速率约为后者的 1.6 倍。可见,当建筑层高、层数相同时,变压器振动在剪力墙建筑中比框架
                建筑中衰减更快;当建筑结构相同时,振动在高层建筑中的衰减速率略大于多层建筑。对 0 ∼ 80 Hz 环境振动,
                变压器振动在剪力墙高层建筑中的铅垂向 Z 振级衰减速率约为框架高层建筑的 2.4 倍;剪力墙多层建筑振动
                衰减速率约为框架多层建筑的 3.7 倍。在此基础上,建立了变压器传播至剪力墙、框架建筑不同楼层的振动单
                值和分频段预测模型,可为变压器引起的建筑室内振动预测和控制提供依据。
                关键词:变压器振动;建筑结构;数值仿真;衰减特性
                中图法分类号: X593           文献标识码: A          文章编号: 1000-310X(2021)03-0474-06
                DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.03.020



                        Attenuation characteristics of transformer vibration in typical
                                                  building structures


                       LU Ling 1  XIE Ziyin 2  WU Xiaowen 1  Hakbong Kim  2  LI Jun 2  DI Guoqing 2

                (1 State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute (Laboratory of Electric Equipment Noise and
                                           Vibration Research), Changsha 410007, China)
                            (2 Institute of Environmental Processes, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

                 Abstract: In order to explore the vibration attenuation laws of 10 kV distribution transformer in residential
                 area, the measured vibration acceleration of a transformer was converted into an exciting force, which acted
                 on shear wall or frame buildings. The attenuation characteristics of transformer vibration in buildings were
                 simulated through a finite element method. Results showed that the vertical vibration acceleration level
                 (0 ∼ 500 Hz) of each floor caused by transformer on the first floor below ground would decline linearly with
                 the increase of lg h, the logarithm of height from building floor to ground, when both the height of each floor
                 and the number of floors were all same in a high-rise building with shear wall or frame structure. Their
                 slopes were 33.26 and 24.84, respectively. The attenuation rate in shear wall building, the decrement of vibra-
                 tion acceleration level when lg h increased 1, was about 1.3 times that in frame building. In shear wall and frame


             2020-07-09 收稿; 2020-10-21 定稿
             国家电网有限公司科技项目 (5216A019000P)
             ∗
             作者简介: 卢铃 (1988– ), 男, 湖北黄冈人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 电力设施噪声与控制、监测诊断。
             † 通信作者 E-mail: ziyinxie@zju.edu.cn
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