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第 40 卷 第 6 期                                                                       Vol. 40, No. 6
             2021 年 11 月                         Journal of Applied Acoustics                 November, 2021

             ⋄ 研究报告 ⋄



                      涌浪条件下的浅海表面声道脉冲声传播                                                          ∗




                      刘 今     1,2,3  彭朝晖     1†    胡承昊     1,2  李整林      1    于梦枭     3    张青青     1



                                    (1 中国科学院声学研究所       声场声信息国家重点实验室        北京   100190)
                                                (2 中国科学院大学      北京  100049)
                                            (3 中国船舶工业系统工程研究院        北京   100094)
                摘要：在冬季，海水表面受到海面强风的影响，普遍存在表面声道。当声源位于表面声道中并且声源频率高于
                表面声道的截止频率时，声能量几乎被完全限制其中，不与海底作用，十分有利于声传播。但当表面声道上边
                界为较大涌浪所形成的粗糙界面时，这种优良性能会被破坏。在南中国海北部陆坡海区的一次冬季实验中，发
                现表面声道以下水听器接收到的首个脉冲的幅度明显增加，通过研究表明，其原因是：存在较大涌浪时，部分
                表面声道内传播的声能量，经粗糙海面反射作用后进入下层水体中，使得位于表面声道以下的水听器的第一
                个到达的脉冲幅度增强。
                关键词：涌浪；浅海；表面声道；声传播
                中图法分类号: O427.1          文献标识码: A          文章编号: 1000-310X(2021)06-0801-09
                DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.06.001




                     Swells induced pulse propagation in a surface duct in shallow water


                              LIU Jin 1,2,3  PENG Zhaohui 1   HU Chenghao  1,2  LI Zhenglin 1
                                            YU Mengxiao 3   ZHANG Qingqing   1

                  (1 State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
                                   (2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
                                 (3 CSSC Systems Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100094, China)

                 Abstract: In winter, surface duct is common due to the turbulent wind mixing. For sources at a surface duct,
                 a significant amount of sound energy will be trapped in the duct and do not interact with bottom when the
                 source frequency is higher than the cutoff frequency of surface duct. Thus, surface duct is an excellent wave
                 guide to make sound propagates long distances. However, this excellent waveguide will be quickly deteriorated
                 when there is a rough sea surface formed by swells at the upper boundary of the surface duct. In a sound
                 propagation experiment conducted in a continental slope in the South China Sea, it is found that the amplitudes
                 of first acoustic pulses received by the receivers below the surface duct have increased obviously. Studies have
                 shown that when there are large swells, part of sound energy in surface duct will be reflected off the surface
                 duct due to the rough sea surface, which makes the amplitudes of the first pulse of the receivers located below
                 the surface duct increasing.
                 Keywords: Swell; Shallow water; Surface duct; Sound propagation

             2021-02-23 收稿; 2021-04-09 定稿
             国家自然科学基金项目 (11974017, 11674349, 11874061), 中国科学院青年创新促进会项目 (2021023, 2017028)
             ∗
             作者简介: 刘今 (1994– ), 女, 天津人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 水声物理。
             † 通信作者 E-mail: pzh@mail.ioa.ac.cn
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