Page 16 - 《应用声学》2024年第1期

第 43 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 43, No. 1
2024 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2024

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

深海声影区时频谱干涉结构与声源定位 ∗

刘与涵 1,2 郭良浩 1† 章伟裕 1 闫 超 1 董 阁 1

(1 中国科学院声学研究所 声场声信息国家重点实验室 北京 100190)
(2 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
摘要：被动声呐探测位于深海声影区的水面舰船辐射噪声时，接收信噪比通常较低，导致声源被动定位方法的
性能较差。针对这一问题，提出一种利用接收信号时频谱干涉结构的声源距离和径向速度联合估计方法。首
先根据射线声学理论，建立时频谱沿频率轴和时间轴的干涉条纹周期与声源距离和径向速度的关系，然后对
接收信号时频谱进行二维傅里叶变换和多频带处理以估计上述干涉条纹周期，最后解算声源距离和径向速度。
仿真和海试数据处理结果表明，相比于现有利用接收信号自相关的声源距离估计方法，该文利用时频谱二维
傅里叶变换的声源定位方法具有较好的稳健性，比较适用于低信噪比条件下的声源被动定位。
关键词：深海；声影区；干涉结构；声源距离和径向速度；二维傅里叶变换
中图法分类号: TB566; P733.24 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2024)01-0012-12
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2024.01.002

Interference patterns and source localization in the shadow zone

of deep water

LIU Yuhan 1,2 GUO Lianghao 1 ZHANG Weiyu 1 YAN Chao 1 DONG Ge 1

(1 State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract: Passive sonar usually has a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when detecting the radiated noise from
a surface ship in the shadow zone of deep water, resulting in poor performance of passive localization methods.
In order to solve this problem, a joint estimation method of the source range and the radial velocity based on
the interference structure in the received spectrogram is proposed. The relationship between the periods of
interference fringes along the frequency axis and the time axis in the spectrogram and the distance as well as
the radial velocity of the source is first established. These interference periods are then estimated by applying
two-dimensional Fourier transform (2-D FT) and multiband processing to the received spectrogram. The source
range and the radial velocity are finally calculated. The simulations and the sea experimental results show that
the proposed localization method using 2-D FT of the spectrogram has better robustness than the existing
range estimation method based on the autocorrelation of the received signal. Therefore, it is more suitable for
passive source localization under low SNR conditions.
Keywords: Deep water; Acoustic shadow zone; Interference patterns; Source range and radial velocity;
Two-dimensional Fourier transform

2022-08-22 收稿; 2023-02-23 定稿
中科院青年创新促进会项目 (E229110301)
∗
作者简介: 刘与涵 (1996– ), 男, 北京人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 深海水声被动定位。
† 通信作者 E-mail: glh2002@mail.ioa.ac.cn