Page 124 - 《应用声学》2025年第1期

第 44 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 44, No. 1
2025 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2025

⋄ 研究论文 ⋄

铝合金薄板焊缝根部缺陷高阶半跨模式波定量检测 ∗

狄成军 1 李 潇 1 罗忠兵 1 刘晨飞 2 金士杰 1†

(1 大连理工大学无损检测研究所 大连 116085)
(2 北京星航机电装备有限公司 北京 100074)

摘要：铝合金薄板焊接时会产生接近垂直的根部缺陷，且表面余高制约超声检测探头与楔块布置。结合常规
半跨模式波的全聚焦方法有助于实现根部垂直缺陷轮廓表征与定量，但受余高影响，相控阵探头声场仍难以
有效覆盖焊缝区域。该文考虑了薄板内的超声波多次反射，提出利用声束路径更长、声场覆盖范围更广的高
阶半跨模式波进行缺陷轮廓重建。对存在和不存在余高的厚度 6.0 mm 铝合金板中端点深度 3.0 mm、高度
3.0 mm 的根部裂纹，采用 32 阵元、中心频率 5 MHz 相控阵探头配合 55 横波楔块实施全矩阵捕捉和高阶半跨
◦
模式波成像。仿真和实验结果表明，缺陷轮廓可以被完整呈现，且缺陷高度定量相对误差均不超过 5.0%。此
外，需依据板材厚度合理选择半跨模式波阶数，板厚越薄，适用的半跨模式波阶数越高。
关键词：薄板；高阶半跨模式波；焊缝余高；超声检测；定量检测
中图法分类号: TH878; TB553 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2025)01-0120-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.01.012

Quantitative detection of root defects in aluminum alloy thin plate joints by

higher-order half-skip mode waves

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2
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1
DI Chengjun , LI Xiao , LUO Zhongbing , LIU Chenfei and JIN Shijie 1
(1 NDT & E Laboratory, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116085, China)
(2 Beijing Xinghang Mechanical-electrical Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100074, China)
Abstract: The near-vertical defects are generated at the root of aluminum alloy thin plate joints, and the
placement of ultrasonic probe and wedge is restricted due to weld crowns. The total focusing method combined
with the conventional half-skip mode wave is helpful for realizing the profile reconstruction and quantitative
detection of vertical defects at the root. However, the acoustic field from phased array probe is difficult to cover
the weld area effectively by the influence of weld crowns. In this paper, the defect profiles are reconstructed
using the higher-order half-skip mode waves with longer acoustic paths and wider acoustic field coverage in
consideration of the multiple ultrasonic reflections in thin plates. The full matrix capture and higher-order
half-skip mode wave imaging were performed on the root cracks with 3.0 mm tip depth and height in 6.0 mm
thickness aluminum alloy plates with and without weld crown by using 55 wedge and 32-element and 5 MHz
◦
center frequency array probe. The simulated and experimental results indicate that the defect profiles can be

2023-09-15 收稿; 2023-11-10 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (52275520)
∗
作者简介: 狄成军 (1998– ), 男, 辽宁大连人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 相控阵超声及成像检测。
† 通信作者 E-mail: jinshijie@dlut.edu.cn