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第 37 卷 第 6 期                                                                        Vol. 37, No.6
             2018 年 11 月                         Journal of Applied Acoustics                 November, 2018


             ⋄ 研究报告 ⋄



                         钢轨缺陷的超声相控阵波数成像算法                                                      ∗





                                             刘建全 张海燕            †    徐梦云


                                             (上海大学通信与信息工程学院        上海   200444)

                摘要    该文应用超声相控阵全矩阵捕获的波数成像算法，检测带有通孔缺陷的钢轨和 B 型相控阵试块。以实
                验获取的全矩阵数据为基础，研究了自发自收模式和全矩阵模式的波数成像算法，理论上分析了全聚焦方法
                和波数算法的计算性能，取得波数成像的结果并与全聚焦方法的成像结果做了对比。实验结果表明：波数成像
                算法具有更快的计算速度和更高的横向分辨率，且能够更加精准地还原钢轨中缺陷大小和形状，而传统的全
                聚焦方法计算耗时长，聚焦点分布不均匀，重建较大的缺陷出现了纵向拉长的现象，不能够较好地反映钢轨中
                的大缺陷。波数成像算法在各向同性材料实时检测中有很大的应用潜能。
                关键词     钢轨缺陷，超声相控阵，波数成像算法，全聚焦
                中图法分类号: O429           文献标识码: A          文章编号: 1000-310X(2018)06-0835-08
                DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2018.06.001





                   Ultrasonic phased array wavenumber imaging algorithm for rail defects



                                       LIU Jianquan ZHANG Haiyan XU Mengyun

                      (School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China)

                 Abstract  In this paper, wavenumber imaging algorithm of ultrasonic phased array full matrix capture (FMC)
                 is used to detect the rail and B-type phased array test blocks with through-hole defects. Based on the full
                 matrix data obtained experimentally, the wavenumber imaging algorithm of self-transmitting-self-receiving
                 mode and full-matrix mode is studied. The computational performance of total focusing method (TFM) and
                 wavenumber algorithm is theoretically analyzed. The results of wavenumber imaging are obtained and compared
                 with that of total focusing method. The experimental results show that wavenumber imaging algorithm has
                 faster calculation speed and higher lateral resolution, and the size and shape of the defects in the rail can be
                 reverted more accurately. However, the traditional total focusing method takes long time and the focal points
                 are unevenly distributed. The reconstruction of a larger defect appears to be stretched longitudinally, so cannot
                 better reflect the larger defects in the rail. Wavenumber imaging algorithm in real-time detection of isotropic
                 materials has great potential applications.
                 Key words Rail defects, Ultrasonic phased array, Wavenumber imaging algorithm, Total focusing method




             2018-02-28 收稿; 2018-05-01 定稿
             国家自然科学基金项目 (11674214, 11474195, 51478258)
             ∗
             作者简介: 刘建全 (1989- ), 男, 河南驻马店人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 超声相控阵检测。
             † 通讯作者 E-mail: hyzh@shu.edu.cn
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