Page 155 - 应用声学2019年第4期

第 38 卷 第 4 期 Vol. 38, No. 4
2019 年 7 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics July, 2019

⋄ 李启虎院士八十华诞学术论文 ⋄

浅海低频垂直相控阵多模声场聚焦 ∗

衣晓锋 1,2,3 彭大勇 1,2† 侯倩男 1,2 郭圣明 1,2

(1 中国科学院声学研究所 北京 100190)
(2 中国科学院水声环境特性重点实验室 北京 100190)
(3 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)

摘要 为了提高低频垂直相控阵声场聚焦的环境适应性，增强环境失配情况下的声场聚焦效果，提出一种多
模声场聚焦方法。该方法利用环境失配对低阶模态影响相对较小的特点，只利用前 3 阶模态进行发射权系数
的计算。仿真结果表明，多模声场具有较大的聚焦跨度，在环境失配情况下仍能在期望的聚焦位置实现良好的
聚焦效果。进一步地，根据巴斯微扰理论计算分析了多模声场的混响特性。由于多模声场聚焦将能量集中到
了掠射角较小的低阶模态中，因此比最优权系数聚焦具有更低的混响平均强度。多模聚焦对聚焦深度进行扫
描可以实现目标的深度分辨，这在水下目标探测方面具有较高的应用前景。
关键词 相控阵，声场聚焦，多模，混响抑制
中图法分类号: TB566 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2019)04-0615-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2019.04.019

Multi-mode field focusing using a low-frequency vertical phased array
in shallow water

YI Xiaofeng 1,2,3 PENG Dayong 1,2 HOU Qiannan 1,2 GUO Shengming 1,2

(1 Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(2 Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China)

Abstract In order to improve the environmental adaptability of sound field focusing in shallow water and
enhance the focus effect in the mismatched environment, a multi-mode field focusing method is proposed using a
low-frequency vertical phased array. The method only uses the first three normal modes to calculate the weight
coefficient vector because the environment mismatch takes less influence on the lower order modes. Simulations
show that multi-mode field focusing has a larger focusing span, and it can realize a better focusing effect at
the expected focus position in the mismatched environment. Furthermore, the reverberation of vertical phase
array is calculated based on the Bass perturbation theory. Because multi-mode field focusing concentrates the
acoustic energy into the low-order modes with small grazing angle, it has lower average reverberation intensity
than the focusing with the optimal weight coefficient vector. Using the multi-mode focusing method can realize
the target depth discrimination by scanning the focus depth, which indicates that the multi-mode field focusing
method has a broad application prospect in target detection.
Key words Phased array, Sound field focusing, Multi-mode, Reverberation suppression

2019-01-19 收稿; 2019-05-07 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (Y211071131)
∗
作者简介: 衣晓锋 (1992- ), 男, 山东栖霞人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 水声低频相控阵。
† 通讯作者 E-mail: pengdayong@mail.ioa.ac.cn