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第 38 卷 第 5 期                                                                       Vol. 38, No. 5
             2019 年 9 月                          Journal of Applied Acoustics                 September, 2019

             ⋄ 研究报告 ⋄



                   城市功能区声环境质量监测时间代表性研究




                                赵佳美     1,2  户文成      2   温香彩     1   张 萌     2  汪 贇     1†



                                               (1  中国环境监测总站      北京   100012)
                                            (2  北京市劳动保护科学研究所        北京   100054)
                摘要    城市功能区声环境质量监测数据是评估我国城市声环境质量水平的重要依据，为科学准确地反映城
                市功能区声环境质量水平，应选取合理的、具有代表性的监测时间开展监测。该文以某地 4 个典型的功能
                区声环境质量监测点位一年的连续监测数据作为样本，分析了不同功能区点位长期噪声波动特征，并采用
                Kruskal-Wallis 检验 (K-W 检验) 方法，分别分析了一年中各月之间及一周中各日之间噪声水平的差异性。数
                据处理及分析结果表明：4 个监测点位一年中各月之间噪声水平，特别是夜间等效连续 A 声级之间具有显著
                差异，一年监测一次显然难以代表全年声环境质量水平；相比较下，每季度监测一次能大幅提高监测结果代表
                性，季度内的 3 个月份各月之间无显著差异的比例占 80% 以上；对于这 4 个监测点位，一周中在周二至周五之
                间监测其结果更具代表性。
                关键词     噪声，监测，时间代表性
                中图法分类号: X827           文献标识码: A          文章编号: 1000-310X(2019)05-0862-07
                DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2019.05.016


                    Representativeness of monitoring interval for acoustic environmental

                                                quality in urban areas

                      ZHAO Jiamei 1,2  HU Wencheng  2  WEN Xiangcai 1  ZHANG Meng    2  WANG Yun   1
                                (1 China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China)
                                 (2 Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection, Beijing 100054, China)

                 Abstract  The monitoring data of acoustic environmental quality in urban functional areas is an important
                 basis for evaluating the level of acoustic environment quality of cities in China. Therefore, a reasonable
                 and representative monitoring interval should be selected for scientifically and accurately evaluating sound
                 environmental quality in urban areas. Using the one-year continuous monitoring data of four typical monitoring
                 sites as samples, this paper analyzes the long-term noise fluctuation characteristics of different areas, and
                 analyzes the differences of noise levels between months in a year and between days in a week by Kruskal-Wallis
                 test (K-W test). The results show that: there are obvious differences in noise levels between months in a year,
                 especially at night, so the annual monitoring data can hardly represent the acoustic environmental quality level
                 of the whole year. In contrast, quarterly monitoring can greatly improve the representative of the results, as
                 more than 80% comparisons showed no significant difference among the three months in a quarter. In addition,
                 the results of the differences between the days in a week show that the typical date is a day between Tuesday
                 and Friday for these four monitoring points.
                 Key words Noise, Monitoring, Representativeness of time

             2018-12-20 收稿; 2019-04-09 定稿
             作者简介: 赵佳美 (1994- ), 女, 内蒙古赤峰人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 噪声与振动控制。
             † 通讯作者 E-mail: wangyun@cnemc.cn
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