Page 5 - 《应用声学》2019年第6期

第 38 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 38, No. 6
2019 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2019

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

使用同心多环阵提升声源定位鲁棒性 ∗

张国昌 1,2 吴 鸣 1,2† 韩欣宇 1,2 武帅兵 2 殷 兰 3 杨 军 1,2†

(1 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
(2 中国科学院噪声与振动重点实验室声学研究所 北京 100190)
(3 北京信息科技大学自动化学院 北京 100192)

摘要 房间混响带来的多径失真是影响声源波达方向估计精度的主要因素之一。应用于环形阵列的相干信号
子空间方法可以降低相干反射声带来的不利影响。该方法对环形阵进行谐波展开，并利用环谐波域导向矢量
的频率无关特性聚焦各频率下的空间相关矩阵。但单环阵列存在展开系数零点，这会导致严重的噪声放大而
降低定位的鲁棒性。该文提出了一种环谐波域的最小模同心多环阵，来缓解系数零点处的噪声放大问题。设
计了一套麦克风阵列系统，用于评估同心多环阵列定位的鲁棒性。仿真和实验结果均表明：与相同孔径和阵元
数的单环阵相比，使用最小模准则设计的同心多环阵列可以显著提升混响场景下的声源定位的稳健性。
关键词 同心多环阵，最小模，环谐波分解，波束形成
中图法分类号: TP37 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2019)06-0907-10
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2019.06.001

Robust sound source localization using concentric circular arrays

ZHANG Guochang 1,2 WU Ming 1,2 HAN Xinyu 1,2 WU Shuaibing 2 YIN Lan 3 YANG Jun 1,2

(1 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
(2 Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research, Institute of Acoustic, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(3 College of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China)

Abstract One of the factors to decrease the accuracy of the direction of arrival (DOA) of the sound source
is the multipath distortion caused by reverberation. The coherent signal subspace method applied to circular
arrays can reduce the adverse effects of reflected sound. The method performs harmonic expansion on the
circular array and focuses the spatial correlation matrix at each frequency by using the frequency-independent
characteristics of steering vector in circular harmonic domain. However, circular array has nulls of expansion
coefficient (nulls of Bessel function), which causes severe noise amplification and reduces the robustness of
localization. In this paper, a minimum modulus concentric circular array is proposed to alleviate the noise
amplification problem at the zeros of the Bessel function. A microphone array hardware was designed to verify
the robustness of localization with uniform concentric circular array. Both simulated and experimental results
indicate that the concentric circular array with minimum modulus can improve the robustness of DOA when
compared to the circular array with the same element number and array aperture.
Key words Concentric circular array, Minimum-norm, Circular harmonic decomposition, Beamforming

2019-01-22 收稿; 2019-05-07 定稿
国家重点研发计划课题项目 (2016YFB1200503), 国家自然科学基金项目 (11474306, 11404367, 11474307), 中国科学院声学研究所青
∗
年精英科研项目 (QNYC201812)
作者简介: 张国昌 (1993- ), 男, 山东菏泽人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 信号与信息处理。
† 通讯作者 E-mail: mingwu@mail.ioa.ac.cn; jyang@mail.ioa.ac.cn