Page 104 - 《应用声学》2021年第3期

第 40 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 40, No. 3
2021 年 5 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics May, 2021

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

多项式混沌展开的浅海水声环境参数敏感度分析 ∗

张 鹏 1,2† 吴立新 1 胡治国 1 张雪冬 1

(1 中国科学院声学研究所 声场声信息国家重点实验室 北京 100190)

(2 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
摘要：水下声场是海洋环境参数的非线性函数，因此环境参数的不确定性必然会引起水下声场预测的不确定
性，从而导致与声场预测相关的声呐探测和水声通信等设备性能的下降。该文将 Sobol 敏感度指数的计算与
多项式混沌展开方法相结合，将敏感度指数表达为环境条件的函数，利用 Q 范数约束的双曲截断方案来减少
多项式项数，有效地分析了设定的 “浅海负梯度温跃层” 信道中 8 个环境参数及其交互效应对水下声传播的影
响。结果表明，沉积层声速是低频远距离声场不确定性分布的最主要贡献参数，同时对于下发下收的情况，声
源深度的影响程度随着声源频率增加而逐渐增大。最后应用射线理论从海底反射的角度解释了各个环境因素
影响程度差异的具体原因。该文的研究对水声通信和探测系统在浅海不确定环境下的性能预报研究具有重要
的参考意义。
关键词：不确定性传播；环境敏感度分析；多项式混沌展开；传播损失
中图法分类号: P733.21+3 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2021)03-0422-11
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.03.014

Sensitivity analysis of uncertain environmental parameters in shallow water
based on polynomial chaos expansion

ZHANG Peng 1,2 WU Lixin 1 HU Zhiguo 1 ZHANG Xuedong 1

(1 State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract: Underwater sound field is a function of ocean environmental parameters. Therefore, the uncertainty
of environmental parameters will inevitably cause the uncertainty of sound field prediction, which will lead to the
degradation of underwater acoustic communication and detection performance. In this paper, the calculation of
the Sobol sensitivity index is combined with the polynomial chaos expansion method to calculate the influence
of 8 environmental parameters in the set ”shallow sea negative gradient thermocline” channel on sound field
propagation. The results show that the sedimentary sound speed is the most important parameter contributing
to the uncertain distribution of low frequency and long range sound field. At the same time, the influence of
sound source depth gradually increases with the increase of source frequency. We use the ray theory to explain
the specific reasons for the difference in the degree of influence of various environmental factors. Numerical
simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method used in this paper. The research results are important
for the prediction of underwater acoustic communication and detection system in the shallow water with
uncertain environment.
Keywords: Uncertainty propagation; Sensitivity analysis; Polynomial chaos expansion; Transmission loss

2020-07-19 收稿; 2020-12-09 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (11774374)
∗
作者简介: 张鹏 (1992– ), 男, 河南灵宝人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 水声物理, 性能分析。
† 通信作者 E-mail: zhangpeng215@mails.ucas.ac.cn