Page 176 - 《应用声学》2022年第4期

第 41 卷 第 4 期 Vol. 41, No. 4
2022 年 7 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics July, 2022

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

混合动力车型燃油箱晃荡声的时变响度

评价方法与降噪应用

张 军 † 尚 飞 张延超

(吉利汽车研究院 (宁波) 有限公司 宁波 315336)
摘要：随着市场对汽车舒适性要求的提高，燃油箱油液晃动噪声问题越来越受重视。尤其是对于混合动力乘
用车型，由于缺少发动机怠速噪声的掩蔽效应，更容易引起市场用户对燃油箱晃荡声的抱怨。该文以某搭载皮
带驱动起动发电机混合动力 SUV 车型的燃油箱晃荡声问题为案例，系统性地进行了整车测试分析与路径排
查工作，结合非稳态的晃动等效动力学模型，阐述了油液晃动瞬时冲击现象的潜在机理，提出了油箱壁面与形
貌优化改进的思路；同时，通过对比分析声压级与响度指标方法的差异，说明了采用时变响度声品质指标能够
更准确地反映出车内人耳对晃荡声的主观评价感受。该文主要通过 “结构声” 传递路径的优化，降低了油箱晃
动激励到车内的传递，显著改善了车内的油液晃荡声问题，这对提升燃油系统 NVH 性能集成开发的能力，有
着较重要的工程参考价值。
关键词：塑料燃油箱；油液晃动；传递路径；等效动力学模型；时变响度
中图法分类号: U464 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2022)04-0674-07
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2022.04.020

Hybrid vehicle fuel tank sloshing evaluation and optimization based on

time-varying loudness model

ZHANG Jun SHANG Fei ZHANG Yanchao

(Geely Automotive Research Institute (Ningbo) Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315336, China)

Abstract: With the improvement of vehicle comfort requirements of market users, fuel sloshing problem has
been paid more and more attention. Especially the hybrid passenger vehicle is lack of engine idle noise masking
effect, it is more likely to cause market customers complaining. In this paper, the fuel sloshing problem of a
belt-driven starter generator (BSG) hybrid vehicle is taken as an example. The vehicle test analysis and path
investigation are systematically carried out. Combined with the unsteady sloshing equivalent dynamic model,
the potential mechanism of the instantaneous impact of fuel sloshing sound is expounded, and the optimization
for the tank wall curvature and morphology is proposed. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the
difference between the sound pressure level and the loudness index method, it is shown that the time-varying
loudness sound quality index can more accurately reflect the subjective evaluation of the human ear in the car.
In this paper, through the optimization of vehicle structural transmission path, the transmission of fuel sloshing
excitation to the vehicle is reduced, and the fuel sloshing problem in the vehicle is significantly improved. It
has an important engineering reference value for improving the integrated ability of vehicle fuel system NVH
development.
Keywords: Plastic fuel tank; Fuel sloshing; Transfer path; Dynamic equivalent model; Time-varying loudness

2021-05-25 收稿; 2021-11-29 定稿
作者简介: 张军 (1976– ), 男, 四川人, 博士, 正高级工程师, 研究方向: 汽车 NVH 性能开发。
† 通信作者 E-mail: zj_zmkm@126.com