Page 109 - 《应用声学》2022年第5期

第 41 卷 第 5 期 Vol. 41, No. 5
2022 年 9 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics September, 2022

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

电力变压器绕组振动声纹特性分析 ∗

李 楠 1 马宏忠 1† 崔佳嘉 1 何 萍 2 李 勇 2 许洪华 2

(1 河海大学能源与电气学院 南京 211100)
(2 国网江苏省电力有限公司南京供电分公司 南京 210017)
摘要：为更加准确分析变压器绕组的状态特征，该文提出一种基于多物理场耦合仿真的变压器绕组振动声纹
特性分析方法。根据实验条件，建立变压器绕组振动噪声模型，考虑变压器绝缘油在噪声传播过程中的作用，
对 S13-M-200/10 型号的油浸式变压器进行短路实验，测量油箱表面的振动加速度以及周围空间的声音信号。
仿真结果与实测数据对比分析，油箱表面的振动加速度集中频率为 100 Hz，空间声音信号主频为 100 Hz 和
200 Hz，并存在交替现象。最后，建立变压器机械故障的仿真模型并实验验证，分析得到变压器发生机械故障
时，声音信号中 100 Hz 频率分量减少，200 Hz 频率分量显著增加，并占据主导地位，200 Hz 为变压器机械故障
特征频率，为变压器绕组故障诊断提供依据。
关键词：电力变压器；多物理场耦合；振动；声纹；故障特征
中图法分类号: TM41 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2022)05-0785-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2022.05.013

Characteristic analysis of vibration sound ripple of power transformer winding

LI Nan 1 MA Hongzhong 1 CUI Jiajia 1 HE Ping 2 LI Yong 2 XU Honghua 2

(1 College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)
(2 State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing Power Supply Branch, Nanjing 210017, China)

Abstract: In order to analyze the state characteristics of transformer windings more accurately, this paper
proposes a method for analyzing the vibration and sound ripple characteristics of transformer windings based
on multi-physics coupling simulation. Based on the experimental conditions, the vibration noise model of trans-
former winding is established, and the effect of transformer insulation oil on noise propagation is considered.
Short-circuit experiments are carried out on S13-M-200/10 oil-immersed transformer to measure the vibration
acceleration on the surface of oil tank and the sound signal in surrounding space. The simulation results are
compared and analyzed with the measured data. The vibration acceleration on the surface of the fuel tank is
concentrated at 100 Hz, and the spatial sound signals are concentrated at 100 Hz and 200 Hz, verifying the
validity of the simulation model. Finally, the simulation model of transformer mechanical failure is established
and experimentally verified, and when the transformer is mechanically faulted, the frequency component of
100 Hz in the sound signal is reduced, the frequency component of 200 Hz is significantly increased, and the
dominant position is 200 Hz for the characteristic frequency of transformer mechanical failure, which provides
the basis for transformer winding fault diagnosis.
Keywords: Power transformer; Multiphysics coupling; Vibration; Voiceprint; Fault characteristics

2021-08-02 收稿; 2021-10-11 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (51577050), 国网江苏省电力有限公司重点科技项目 (J2021053)
∗
作者简介: 李楠 (1997– ), 男, 江苏连云港人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 电力设备故障诊断。
通信作者 E-mail: hhumhz@163.com
†