Page 118 - 《应用声学》2022年第5期

第 41 卷 第 5 期 Vol. 41, No. 5
2022 年 9 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics September, 2022

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

考虑噪声烦恼度的机场飞机噪声收费模型和

应用研究

王 维 † 刘鑫邦

(中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院 天津 300300)
摘要：随着我国民航运输业的飞速发展，机场噪声影响问题日趋严重。通过向航空公司或旅客收取噪声费来
进行治理，是民航发达国家的普遍做法，也是我国未来的发展方向。该文在国外机场飞机噪声收费模型的基础
上，提出了基于飞机噪声特性、噪声烦恼度、噪声治理投入费用和资金回收周期等因素的机场噪声收费模型。
模型将机场噪声治理费用通过合理的回收周期按一定比例分配到各年度，再根据飞机噪声特性、噪声烦恼度
将每年噪声收费分配到每架次飞机 (或每位旅客)。飞机噪声特性根据 ACI 的机场噪声分级 R1 ∼ R8 来确定，
噪声烦恼度借助 Mamdani 模型构建。应用表明，该收费模型关键因素考虑全面，计算方法先进简洁，费率合
理。对于噪声较高飞机，夜间起飞收费为 1219.06 元/架次，客均收费 10.16 元；对于噪声很低的飞机，昼间着陆
收费为 66.10 元/架次，客均收费仅 0.15 元。费率确定符合国际民航组织倡导的以支定收原则，有助于形成航
空公司/旅客减噪激励机制同时又不致抑制机场航空业务增长。
关键词：机场噪声；噪声烦恼度；收费模型；ACI 飞机噪声分类
中图法分类号: X593 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2022)05-0794-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2022.05.014

Research on the methodology of aircraft noise charging for airports

considering noise annoyance

WANG Wei LIU Xinbang

(School of transportation science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China)

Abstract: With the rapid development of China’s civil aviation transportation industry, the impact of airport
noise is becoming more and more serious. It is a common practice in civil aviation developed countries to
collect noise fees from airlines or passengers, and it is also the future development direction of our country.
Based on foreign airport noise charging models, this paper puts forward an airport noise charging model based
on aircraft noise characteristics, noise annoyance, noise control investment cost and capital recovery cycle.
The model allocates the airport noise control cost to each year according to a certain proportion through
a reasonable recovery cycle, and then allocates the annual noise charge to each aircraft (or each passenger)
according to the aircraft noise characteristics and noise annoyance. The aircraft noise characteristics are
determined according to the airport noise classification R1–R8 of ACI, and the noise annoyance is constructed
with the help of Mamdani model. The application shows that the key factors of the charging model
are considered comprehensively, the calculation method is advanced and concise, and the rate is reasonable.

2021-08-24 收稿; 2021-10-11 定稿
作者简介: 王维 (1960– ), 河北唐山人, 硕士, 教授, 研究方向: 机场环境保护。
† 通信作者 E-mail: 854973011@qq.com