Page 152 - 《应用声学》2022年第6期

第 41 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 41, No. 6
2022 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2022

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

高频宽带嵌套式复合材料换能器 ∗

惠 辉 王宏伟 † 荣 畋

(北京信息科技大学理学院 北京 100192)

摘要：研制了一种嵌套式高频宽带复合材料换能器，利用 1-3 型压电复合材料 Q 值较低、频带较宽的特点，采
用组合式的结构拓展换能器的工作带宽。通过切割框型压电陶瓷、灌注环氧树脂得到压电复合材料框型敏感
元件，再将不同厚度的框型敏感元件沿轴向嵌套从而制成多层嵌套的压电复合材料敏感元件。建立 1-3 型压
电复合材料中压电小柱的等效电路，根据等效电路计算出压电小柱的谐振频率，并与 1-3 型压电复合材料的谐
振频率理论计算结果进行对比。通过 ANSYS 软件对敏感元件结构进行仿真，并根据仿真结果确定了敏感元
件的最佳设计方案。最终制作出的换能器进行水下测试，该换能器的谐振频率为 310 kHz，最大发送电压响应
为 188.5 dB，−3 dB 带宽可达 130 kHz，接收灵敏度最大可达 −186.8 dB，−3 dB 带宽可达 90 kHz，谐振频率处
−3 dB 的指向性开角约为 2.4 。该嵌套式敏感元件可实现换能器宽带发射与接收声波的目标。
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关键词：水声换能器；宽带；压电复合材料
中图法分类号: TB565.1 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2022)06-0998-06
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2022.06.018

High frequency broadband nested composite transducer

HUI Hui WANG Hongwei RONG Tian

(College of Science, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100192, China)

Abstract: A nested high-frequency broadband composite transducer is developed. Using the characteristics
of low Q value and wide frequency band of 1-3 piezoelectric composite, the combined structure is adopted
to expand the working bandwidth of the transducer. The piezoelectric composite frame sensitive elements
are obtained by cutting frame piezoelectric ceramics and pouring epoxy resin, and then the frame sensitive
elements with different thickness are nested along the axial direction to make multi-layer nested piezoelectric
composite sensitive elements. The equivalent circuit of piezoelectric small column of 1-3 piezoelectric composite
is established, and the resonant frequency of piezoelectric small column is calculated according to the equivalent
circuit, which is compared with the theoretical calculation results of resonant frequency of 1-3 piezoelectric
composite. The structure of the sensitive element is simulated by ANSYS software, and the best design scheme
of the sensitive element is determined according to the simulation results. The finally fabricated transducer is
tested underwater. The resonant frequency of the transducer is 310 kHz, the maximum transmission voltage
response is 188.5 dB, −3 dB bandwidth can reach 130 kHz, the maximum reception sensitivity can reach
−186.8 dB, −3 dB bandwidth can reach 90 kHz, and the directivity opening angle of −3 dB at the resonant
frequency is about 2.4 . The nested sensing element can realize the target of wide-band transmitting and
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receiving sound waves by the transducer.
Keywords: Underwater acoustic transducer; Broadband; Piezoelectric composites

2021-09-24 收稿; 2021-11-29 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (61771060), 北京市教委科研计划科技重点项目 (KZ202111232050)
∗
作者简介: 惠辉 (1996– ), 男, 北京人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 水声换能器。
通信作者 E-mail: drhwh@bistu.edu.cn
†