Page 70 - 应用声学2019年第4期

第 38 卷 第 4 期 Vol. 38, No. 4
2019 年 7 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics July, 2019

⋄ 李启虎院士八十华诞学术论文 ⋄

声矢量圆阵宽带相干目标MVDR方位估计 ∗

时胜国 1,2,3† 李 赢 3
(1 哈尔滨工程大学 水声技术重点实验室 哈尔滨 150001)

(2 海洋信息获取与安全工信部重点实验室 (哈尔滨工程大学) 工业和信息化部 哈尔滨 150001)
(3 哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院 哈尔滨 150001)
摘要 针对宽带相干目标的远程探测问题，该文提出一种基于声压振速联合处理和矢量重构的声矢量圆阵
MVDR 波束形成方法。该方法利用相位模态变换技术，将声矢量圆阵变换为与信号频率无关的虚拟线阵，并
构建虚拟线阵声压与组合振速的互协方差矩阵，利用声压与振速各分量间的空间相关性有效地抑制各向同性
环境噪声；并对宽带相干信号的互协方差矩阵进行矢量重构，即将最大特征值对应的特征向量划分为相互重
叠的子向量，从而构建前/后向 Hermitian 矩阵；最后，基于 MVDR 波束形成器实现宽带相干目标的方位估计。
仿真计算和实验数据处理结果表明，该方法具较强的解相干能力和噪声抑制能力以及较高的方位估计性能。
关键词 声矢量圆阵，宽带相干信号，互协方差矩阵，矢量重构
中图法分类号: TB566 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2019)04-0530-10
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2019.04.009
MVDR beamforming for wideband coherent signals by using circular acoustic

vector sensor arrays

SHI Shengguo 1,2,3 LI Ying 3

(1 Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)
(2 Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of
Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China)
(3 College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

Abstract This paper proposes a wideband minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming
for the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of weak coherent signals by using uniform circular acoustic vector
sensor arrays (UCAVSAs). This paper first uses the phase-mode transformation to covert the UCAVSA to a
virtual linear array which is independent of the signal frequency. For eliminating the isotropic ambient noise,
the correlation characteristics of the acoustic pressure and particle velocity are used to construct the cross-
covariance matrix. Then, it is described that the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of the
wideband coherent signals in the virtual linear array contains all the DOA information of the signals. Based on
this, this eigenvector is divided into overlapping subvectors to construct a forward/backward Hermitian matrix.
Finally, the MVDR beamforming is used to estimate the DOAs. This method does not need to estimate the
signal number. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a stronger ability
to suppress isotropic ambient noise, and it has a higher resolution and estimation accuracy.
Key words Circular acoustic vector sensor array, Wideband coherent signals, Cross-covariance matrix,
Eigenvector reconstruction

2019-02-25 收稿; 2019-05-07 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (61701133, 11674075)
∗
作者简介: 时胜国 (1973- ), 男, 黑龙江哈尔滨人, 博士生导师, 研究方向: 减振降噪、声矢量阵列信号处理。
† 通讯作者 E-mail: shishengguo@hrbeu.edu.cn