Page 108 - 《应用声学》2020年第1期

第 39 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 39, No. 1
2020 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2020

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

城市历史街区声景观及视听感知实验研究 ∗

王亚平 1 尹春航 1 籍仙荣 2† 王 宇 1

(1 山东建筑大学建筑城规学院 济南 250101)
(2 山西大学土木工程系 太原 030013)
摘要：城市历史街区声景观是空间环境的重要内容，直接影响人们的感知体验。论文以济南老城泉水街区为
例研究城市历史街区的声景观并进行视听感知实验。结果表明，现场声元素喜好度显著高于实验室单听评价。
鸟鸣、鹅叫声在现场和实验室评分都较高，大流速流量水景声在现场评分高而实验室评分低，小流速流量水景
声在实验室和安静环境中评分较高，在吵闹环境中评分较低；声环境满意度与视觉景观优美度、声源组成喜好
度、安静度之间存在显著正相关关系，与环境声压级存在显著负相关关系，但当较高的环境声压级主要由水声
贡献时，声环境满意度明显提高；应从提高景观优美度、优化声源组成、降低环境声压级等方面进行声景观设
计。论文为声元素喜好度和声环境满意度研究提供参考。
关键词：声景观；声元素喜好度；声环境满意度；声景观设计
中图法分类号: TU112 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2020)01-0104-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2020.01.013

Experimental study on soundscape and audio-visual perception of

urban historic district

WANG Yaping 1 YIN Chunhang 1 JI Xianrong 2 WANG Yu 1

(1 School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China)
(2 Department of Civil Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030013, China)
Abstract: The soundscape of urban historic district is an important content of space environment, which
directly affects people’s perception experience. Taking the Spring Water Historical District in the old city of
Jinan as an example, the historical district soundscape was studied. Audiovisual perception experiments were
conducted. It was found that sound element preferences evaluated on site were significantly higher than that
evaluated in laboratory. The scores of bird song and goose call were higher in the field and laboratory. The
sound of large flow rate waterscape had a high score in the field and a low score in the laboratory. The sound
of small flow rate waterscape had high score in the laboratory and quiet environment, and low score in the
noisy environment. There were significant positive correlations between the sound environment satisfaction
and visual landscape gracefulness, source composition preference, quietness. There was a significant negative
correlation between the sound environment satisfaction and sound pressure level. However, when the higher
sound pressure level is mainly contributed by the waterscape sound, the sound environment satisfaction was
significantly improved. Then soundscape design should be carried out from the aspects of improving landscape
gracefulness, optimizing sound source composition and reducing environmental sound pressure level. The paper
provides reference for the study of sound element preference and sound environmental satisfaction.
Keywords: Soundscape; Sound element preference; Sound environment satisfaction; Soundscape design

2019-10-14 收稿; 2019-11-28 定稿
国家自然科学基金青年项目 (51508311, 51378301)
∗
作者简介: 王亚平 (1978– ), 女, 山东菏泽人, 硕士, 研究方向: 建筑声学与环境声学。
† 通信作者 E-mail: xrjee369@163.com