Page 5 - 《应用声学》2021年第4期

第 40 卷 第 4 期 Vol. 40, No. 4
2021 年 7 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics July, 2021

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

MIMO声呐的双尺度旋转不变子空间波达方向估计 ∗

姚 琳 1,3 刘晓东 1,2†

(1 中国科学院声学研究所 海洋声学技术实验室 北京 100190)
(2 中国科学院声学研究所 声场声信息国家重点实验室 100190)
(3 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)

摘要：为了提高单基地多输入多输出 (MIMO) 声呐阵列的波达方向估计性能，提出了双尺度旋转不变子空间
(DR-ESPRIT) 算法。结合 MIMO 阵列虚拟阵列的结构特征，首先利用 ESPRIT 算法通过各条虚拟线阵内、基
线间距不大于半波长的子阵间的旋转不变关系得到无模糊的粗估计结果，之后利用虚拟线阵间、基线较长的
子阵间的旋转不变关系得到一组有模糊的精估计结果。参考粗估计结果对精估计结果进行解模糊，最终得到
高精度无模糊的角度估计结果。为了降低运算复杂度，利用该思路对降维 ESPRIT 算法也进行改进，提出了双
尺度降维 ESPRIT 算法。仿真实验验证了与传统算法相比，双尺度类波达方向估计算法能够有效提高角度估
计精度。此外，该文评估了 MIMO 声呐阵列的发射、接收阵元的幅相扰动误差对算法角度估计性能的影响。
关键词：MIMO 声呐；旋转不变子空间；双尺度；解模糊；降维变换
中图法分类号: O427.9 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2021)04-0489-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.04.001

DOA estimation for MIMO sonar using dual-resolution ESPRIT algorithm

YAO Lin 1,3 LIU Xiaodong 1,2

(1 Ocean Acoustic Technology Center, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(2 State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
(3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract: In order to improve the performance of direction of arrival (DOA) algorithm in multiple-input
multiple-output (MIMO) sonar, a dual-resolution estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance
techniques(DR-ESPRIT) algorithm is proposed. Based on the construction of virtual array of MIMO sonar
array, a low-accuracy but unambiguous coarse estimation is obtained by ESPRIT algorithm though the rota-
tional invariance of short-baseline subarrays. Then, a series of high-accuracy but ambiguous fine estimation
can be obtained though the rotational invariance of long-baseline subarrays. Referring to the unambiguous
coarse estimation, high-accuracy and ambiguous estimation can be obtained through disambiguation method.
In order to reduce the computational burden, dual-resolution estimation is also applied to reduced-dimensional
ESPRIT algorithm and dual-resolution reduced-dimensional ESPRIT algorithm is proposed. Compared with
conventional ESPRIT algorithm, dual-resolution DOA estimation algorithm can improve the angular estima-
tion accuracy effectively. Finally, the influence of the amplitude and phase disturbance errors of transmitting
and receiving arrays on the estimation performance of different algorithms is analyzed through simulation.
Keywords: MIMO sonar; Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT);
Dual-resolution; Disambiguation; Reduced-dimensional transformation

2020-09-29 收稿; 2021-01-24 定稿
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项 (XDA22040602)
∗
作者简介: 姚琳 (1994– ), 女, 黑龙江哈尔滨人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 声呐阵列信号处理。
通信作者 E-mail: liuxd@mail.ioa.ac.cn
†