Page 14 - 《应用声学》2023年第1期
P. 14

10                                                                                   2023 年 1 月


             实际的应用条件下,前方两扬声器重放是不能产生                                Xie Bosun, Shi Yong, Xie Zhiwen, et al. Virtual repro-
             后半水平面的虚拟源的。最近的一个实验研究验证                                ducing system for 5.1 channel surround sound[J]. Acta
                                                                   Acustica, 2005, 30(3): 235–241.
             了上述的分析与结论          [22] 。但虚拟重放的实际性能                 [4] Xie B S, Liu L L, Zhang C Y. Virtual reproduction of sur-
             是由双耳声压控制的稳定性与代价所决定的,而这                                round sound in frontal space using four loudspeakers[J].
             种稳定性和代价是和扬声器布置以及频率有关的。                                Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2021, 40(2): 155–174.
                                                                 [5] Bauck J, Cooper D H. Generalized transaural stereo and
             过去的研究侧重双耳声压控制的稳定性,并通过扬                                applications[J]. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society,
             声器到双耳声学传输矩阵的条件数对其进行分析。                                1996, 44(9): 683–705.
             过去的分析表明        [23] ,对左右对称的扬声器布置,缩                  [6] Xie B S. Head-related transfer function and virtual audi-
                                                                   tory display[M]. 2nd ed. Florida, USA: J. Ross Publishing,
             窄两扬声器之间的张角可以改善中频双耳声压控                                 2013.
             制的稳定性,但却使低频频双耳声压控制的稳定性                              [7] Ward D B, Elko G W. Effect of loudspeaker position on
             变差。本文的分析进一步表明,在两扬声器张角不                                the robustness of acoustic crosstalk cancellation[J]. IEEE
                                                                   Signal Processing Letters, 1999, 6(5): 106–108.
             变的情况下,非对称的布置对双耳声压控制的稳定                              [8] Nelson P A, Rose J F W. Errors in two-point sound re-
             性产生一定的影响,使得双耳声压控制的稳定性稍                                production[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of
                                                                   America, 2005, 118(1): 193–204.
             变差。
                                                                 [9] Kirkeby O, Rubak P, Johansen L G, et al. Implementa-
                 实际重放的虚拟源定位性能与双耳声压控制                               tion of crosstalk cancellation networks using warped FIR
             的与代价密切相关,并且可以用虚拟声信号处理滤                                filters[C]. Audio Engineering Society 16th International
                                                                   conference, 1999, Rovaniemi, Finland, Paper: 16–31.
             波器在所涉及频率范围内的平均功率进行分析。理
                                                                [10] Kirkeby O, Nelson P A, Hamada H. The “Stereo
             论和实验表明,在对称扬声器布置的情况,控制双耳                               Dipole”—A virtual source imaging system using two
             声压而模拟侧向虚拟源较模拟前方虚拟源困难。缩                                closely spaced loudspeakers[J]. Journal of the Audio En-
                                                                   gineering Society, 1998, 46(5): 387–395.
             窄两扬声器之间的张角明显增加侧向虚拟源双耳
                                                                [11] Takeuchi, Philip A, Nelson P A. Optimal source distribu-
             声压控制的代价。而非对称布置主要是影响异侧虚                                tion for binaural synthesis over loudspeakers[J]. The Jour-
             拟源双耳声压的控制的代价,使异侧的感知虚拟源                                nal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2002, 112(6):
                                                                   2786–2797.
             向前偏移。                                              [12] 何璞, 谢菠荪, 饶丹. 虚拟声音色均衡信号处理方法的主客观
                 本文的结果可用于扬声器虚拟声重放的设计。                              分析 [J]. 应用声学, 2006, 25(1): 4–12.
             特别是过分窄张角的扬声器布置是不合适产生侧                                 He Pu, Xie Bosun, Rao Dan.  Subjective and objec-
                                                                   tive analyses of timber equalized algorithms for virtual
             向虚拟源的,因而立体声偶极在产生侧向虚拟源方                                sound reproduction by loudspeakers[J]. Journal of Applied
             面有潜在的缺陷。而非对称扬声器布置能产生前方                                Acoustics, 2006, 25(1): 4–12.
                                                                [13] Hamdan E C, Fazi F M. A modal analysis of multichan-
             角度范围的虚拟源,但用于产生一定异侧向 (异侧)
                                                                   nel crosstalk cancellation systems and their relationship
             虚拟源就比较困难,在实际应用中应该注意。另外,                               to amplitude panning[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,
             不同扬声器布置特别是非对称布置对音色的影响                                 2021, 490(2021): 115743.
                                                                [14] Rumsey F. Automotive audio: they know where you sit[J].
             以及头部左右移动或者转动后感知性能的改变,今
                                                                   Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 2016, 64(9):
             后可继续深入研究。                                             705–708.
                                                                [15] Rose J, Nelson P A, Rafaely B, et al. Sweet spot size
                                                                   of virtual acoustic imaging systems at asymmetric lis-
                            参 考     文   献                          tener locations[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society
                                                                   of America, 2002, 112(5): 1992–2002.
                                                                [16] Yu G Z, Wu R X, Liu Y, et al. Near-field head-related
              [1] 谢菠荪. 头相关传输函数与虚拟听觉 [M]. 北京: 国防工业出                 transfer-function measurement and database of human
                 版社, 2008.                                         subjects[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Amer-
              [2] Liu L L, Xie B S. A high-frequency-band timbre equaliza-  ica, 2018, 143(3): EL194–198.
                 tion method for transaural reproduction with two frontal  [17] Kirkeby O, Nelson P A. Digital filter design for inversion
                 loudspeakers[J]. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society,  problems in sound reproduction[J]. Journal of the Audio
                 2022, 70(1/2): 1–14.                              Engineering Society, 1999, 47(7/8): 583–595.
              [3] 谢菠荪, 师勇, 谢志文, 等. 5.1 通路环绕声的虚拟重放系              [18] Wightman F L, Kistler D J. The dominant role of low-
                 统 [J]. 声学学报, 2005, 30(3): 235–241.                frequency interaural time difference in sound localiza-
   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19