Page 186 - 《应用声学》2025年第1期

第 44 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 44, No. 1
2025 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2025

⋄ 研究论文 ⋄

沉底式矢量水听器阵辐射噪声测量系统

胡 园 1,2,3,4† 李天星 4 曹建国 4 郭龙祥 1,2,3

(1 哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室 哈尔滨 150001)
(2 极地海洋声学与技术应用教育部重点实验室 (哈尔滨工程大学) 哈尔滨 150001)
(3 哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院 哈尔滨 150001)
(4 中国科学院声学研究所水下环境信息感知实验室 北京 100190)
摘要：矢量水听器可以同步共点测量声场的声压和振速的各正交分量，具有与频率无关的偶极子指向性，有益
于小尺度矢量水听器阵获取较高空间增益和测量目标低频段低辐射噪声。该文依据安静型水下航行器低频段
辐射噪声测量的需求，进行了矢量阵测量增益的理论分析和仿真计算，并结合小尺寸水下目标低辐射噪声测
量实际应用，设计了一种刚性沉底式矢量水听器阵低频辐射噪声测量系统。该系统实现了水下目标辐射噪声
数据的同步采集、存储和实时传输。在千岛湖对测量系统进行了性能初步测试，结果表明，湖试环境中，相同孔
径下，其指向性和近场聚焦性能优于声压阵，具有更好的空间增益，预计在水下目标低频段辐射噪声测量实际
工程应用中有明显优势。
关键词：辐射噪声；矢量水听器阵；测量系统；空间增益
中图法分类号: TB565 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2025)01-0182-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.01.019

Radiation noise measurement system of bottom-mounted vector

hydrophone array

4
4
HU Yuan 1,2,3,4 , LI Tianxing , CAO Jianguo and GUO Longxiang 1,2,3
(1 National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)
(2 Key Laboratory for Polar Acoustics and Application of Ministry of Education (Harbin Engineering University),
Ministry of Education, Harbin 150001, China)
(3 College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)
(4 Key laboratory of underwater Acoustic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

Abstract: Vector hydrophones can simultaneously measure the orthogonal components of sound pressure
and particle velocity in a sound field. They demonstrate frequency-independent dipole directivity, which
is advantageous for small-scale vector hydrophone arrays in achieving higher spatial gain and accurately
measuring low-frequency and low-radiation noise from the target. This article addresses the need for measuring
low-frequency radiation noise from silent underwater vehicles through theoretical analysis and simulation
calculations. It also presents the design of a rigid-bottom-mounted vector hydrophone array system specifically
tailored for low-frequency radiation noise measurement, considering the practical application of measuring
low-radiation noise from small-sized underwater targets. The system achieved synchronized acquisition, storage,

2023-09-13 收稿; 2024-01-19 定稿
作者简介: 胡园 (1982– ), 男, 江苏溧阳人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 水下目标辐射噪声测量。
† 通信作者 E-mail: huyuan@mail.ioa.ac.cn