Page 220 - 《应用声学》2025年第1期

第 44 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 44, No. 1
2025 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2025

⋄ 研究论文 ⋄

异常燃烧噪声导致的柴油机启动异响研究 ∗

黄 锋 † 汪西力 1,2 曾小春 1,2 王 毅 1,2 伍清根 1 刘子健 1

(1 江铃汽车股份有限公司 南昌 330000)
(2 江西省汽车噪声与振动重点实验室 南昌 330000)
摘要：针对搭载 2.0 L 涡轮增压柴油机的某皮卡车型在启动工况出现的异响问题进行排查与诊断，首先利用
发动机消声室台架复现了异响，在台架进行异响信号的 NVH 测试，通过声频回放及信号滤波，确认异响为
1 ∼ 3 kHz 宽频噪声；再通过逐缸断油方法，发现仅对第 4 缸断油后，启动异响完全消失，评估异响可能与第 4
缸燃烧相关；运用 Kibox 燃烧分析仪，对启动工况各缸燃烧特性进行分析，发现异响出现在第 4 缸最先喷油的
情况下，且最大压力升高率达 42 Bar/( )，确认抱怨异响为燃烧噪声；进一步测试各缸物理喷油信号，发现第 4
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缸无预喷信号，仅有主喷信号；通过分析该机型同步信号识别方式和喷油程序底层逻辑，发现当前逻辑中，启
动过程第一次识别同步信号的时刻在第 4 缸预喷程序计算时刻之后，导致预喷计算失败；最终将底层喷油中断
程序往后推 60 曲轴转角，保证了启动工况第 4 缸预喷顺利喷射，异响得以解决，且对发动机性能无影响。
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关键词：启动异响；燃烧噪声；压力升高率；同步信号；喷油中断
中图法分类号: TK427 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2025)01-0216-07
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.01.023

An investigation into the abnormal noise of diesel engine starting caused by

abnormal combustion noise

HUANG Feng 1,2 , WANG Xili 1,2 , ZENG Xiaochun 1,2 , WANG Yi 1,2 , WU Qinggen and LIU Zijian 1
1
(1 Jiangling Motor Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330000, China)
(2 Key Laboratory of Automobile Noise and Vibration of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330000, China)

Abstract: In view of the abnormal noise problem in the starting condition of a pickup truck model equipped
with a 2.0 L turbo diesel engine, the abnormal noise was reproduced by the engine anechoic chamber bench,
and the NVH test of the abnormal noise signal was carried out on the bench, and the abnormal noise was
confirmed to be 1–3 kHz broadband noise through audio playback and signal filtering; then through the
cylinder-by-cylinder oil cutting method, it was found that only after the 4th cylinder was cut off, the abnormal
noise completely disappeared, and the abnormal noise was evaluated to be related to the combustion of the 4th
cylinder; the Kibox combustion analyzer was used to analyze the combustion characteristics of each cylinder in
the starting working condition, and it was found that the abnormal noise appeared in the case of the first fuel
injection of the 4th cylinder, and the maximum pressure rise rate is 42 Bar/( ), confirming that the abnormal
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noise complained is combustion noise; Further testing of the physical fuel injection signal of each cylinder
found that the 4th cylinder had no pilot injection signal, only the main injection signal; By analyzing the
synchronization signal recognition method of the model and the underlying logic of the fuel injection program,

2023-08-17 收稿; 2023-11-03 定稿
江西省汽车噪声与振动重点实验室开放课题资助项目 (JXNVHKB-KFKT-201804)
∗
作者简介: 黄锋 (1992– ), 男, 江西吉安人, 中级工程师, 研究方向: 汽车噪声及振动。
† 通信作者 E-mail: fhuang6@jmc.com.cn