Page 143 - 《应用声学》2025年第3期

第 44 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 44, No. 3
2025 年 5 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics May, 2025

⋄ 研究论文 ⋄

水下声源指向性调控结构优化设计与仿真

刘齐乐 郁高坤 †

(中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学部 青岛 266100)

摘要：为在中低频也能实现高指向性，本文使用拓扑优化方法，以硅橡胶为材料设计了一种指向性调控结构。
在这一基础上，又进一步开展优化，获得了一种拓扑更为简单但同样可以实现高指向性的圆台形结构。通过仿
真证实了这两种结构的指向性调控作用，并讨论了这种圆台形结构利用其固有的特征模态实现调控的作用机
理。在设计频率为 5 kHz 时，这两种硅橡胶结构与全指向性的点源共同作用后形成的发射主瓣 −3 dB 开角分
别约为 20.44 和 24.10 。此外，当远场声波以不同角度入射时，这种圆台形结构也能根据底部声压的变化实现
◦
◦
指向性接收。
关键词：指向性；拓扑优化；硅橡胶
中图法分类号: O422.6 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2025)03-0677-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.03.016

Optimization design and simulation of directional control structure of
underwater sound source

LIU Qile and YU Gaokun

(Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

Abstract: In order to achieve high directivity in the low frequency range, a directivity control structure based
on silicone rubber is designed using the topological optimization method in this paper. On this basis, a circular
platform structure that has a simpler topology can still achieve a high directivity after further optimized. The
simulation verifies that both of two structures have the capacity of adjusting directivity, and the mechanism of
the circular platform structure by using some eigenmodes is discussed. At the design frequency of 5 kHz, the
−3 dB opening angle of the main lobe formed by the interaction between the two silicone rubber structures and
the fully directional point source is approximately 20.44 and 24.10 respectively. Furthermore, when far-field
◦
◦
sound waves with different incident angles exist, the circular platform structure can also achieve directional
reception by detecting changes in sound pressure at its bottom.
Keywords: Directivity; Topology optimization; Silicone rubber

2023-11-28 收稿; 2024-03-14 定稿
作者简介: 刘齐乐 (1999– ), 男, 山东临沂人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 声学。
† 通信作者 E-mail: gkyu@ouc.edu.cn