Page 238 - 《应用声学》2025年第3期

第 44 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 44, No. 3
2025 年 5 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics May, 2025

⋄ 研究论文 ⋄

管道缺陷和特征的多点多频超声导波检测方法 ∗

刘 韧 1 吴 斌 2 高 翔 2† 刘剑锋 3 国树东 3 刘秀成 2

(1 北京工业大学材料与制造学部 北京 100124)
(2 北京工业大学信息学部 北京 100124)
(3 泰安市特种设备检验研究院 泰安 271001)
摘要：超声导波因其传播距离远、缺陷灵敏度高成为长距离管道检测和监测的主要手段之一。常规管道超声
导波检测采用单点单频检测方法，易受传感器限制与回波幅值影响产生漏检和误判现象。该文通过仿真和实
验研究了不同频率下缺陷轴向尺寸与反射系数、回波形状之间的关系，提出了一种多点检测的传感器布置与
信号处理方法，可以抑制传感器固有盲区、异侧波杂扰与多次反射的影响。在钢管试件中开展多缺陷特征导波
检测实验，结果表明，与传统单点单频检测相比，多点多频复合检测方法提高了管道导波检测效率与准确度，
具有很高的工程应用价值。
关键词：超声检测；管道；超声导波；磁致伸缩传感器
中图法分类号: TB553 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2025)03-0772-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.03.026

A multi-point and multi-frequency ultrasonic guided wave detection

method of pipeline defects and features

2
3
1
3
2
LIU Ren , WU Bin , GAO Xiang , LIU Jianfeng , GUO Shudong and LIU Xiucheng 2
(1 Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
(2 Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
(3 Taian Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Tai’an 271001, China)
Abstract: With long propagation distance and high sensitivity to defects, ultrasonic guided waves have be-
come one of the main techniques for long-distance pipeline detection and monitoring. The single-point and
single-frequency detection method used in conventional ultrasonic guided wave detection of pipelines has the
disadvantages of sensor limitation, echo amplitude, which can lead to missed detection and incorrect judgment.
In this study, the relationships between axial size, reflection coefficient, and echo shape of pipeline defects in
multi-frequency detection are performed to investigate with simulation and experimental methods. A sensor
layout and signal processing method for multi-point detection is proposed to suppress the intrinsic blind zone
of sensors, different side wave disturbance and multiple reflections. A guided wave detection experiment is con-
ducted in a steel pipe specimen with several defects and features. Compared with the traditional single-point
and single-frequency detection method, the multi-point and multi-frequency composite detection method en-
hances the efficiency and precision of pipeline guided wave detection. This method is significant in engineering
applications.
Keywords: Ultrasonic test; Pipeline; Ultrasonic guided wave; Magnetostrictive sensor
2023-12-21 收稿; 2024-01-23 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (12272014, 12004018, 12122201), 国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目 (2023MK077)
∗
作者简介: 刘韧 (1998– ), 男, 河北辛集人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 超声无损检测。
† 通信作者 E-mail: gaoxiang@bjut.edu.cn