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第 37 卷 第 5 期 Vol. 37, No.5
2018 年 9 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics September, 2018

纪念应崇福院士诞辰100周年

小快拍高分辨目标方位估计算法

GMUSIC的性能分析 ∗

郭 拓 1 王英民 2†

(1 陕西科技大学电气与信息工程学院 西安 710021)
(2 西北工业大学航海学院 西安 710072)
摘要 针对水下运动阵列在运动过程中进行方位估计时存在快拍不足的问题，研究了基于随机矩阵理论的
MUSIC 改进算法 GMUSIC，该方法通过 Stieltjes 变换建立起统计协方差矩阵真实特征值、特征向量与样本协
方差矩阵之间在逼近域中的关联，以修正样本协方差特征分解的结果，进而实现小快拍方位估计。仿真与试
验表明：GMUSIC 算法可以更好地分辨相邻目标，且需要的快拍数较 MUSIC 算法要少；在低信噪比情况下，
GMUSIC 算法方位估计均方根误差远小于 MUSIC 算法，估计成功概率远大于 MUSIC 算法。因此，GMUSIC
算法适用于解决水声目标的小快拍方位估计问题。
关键词 方位估计，小快拍，阵列信号处理，高分辨
中图法分类号: TB566 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2018)05-0781-06
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2018.05.025

Performance analysis of GMUSIC algorithm for high resolution target
bearing estimation in small snapshots

GUO Tuo 1 WANG Yingmin 2

(1 Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, College of Electrical & Information Engineering, Xi’an 710021, China)
(2 Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Marine Science and Technology, Xi’an 710072, China)

Abstract When bearing estimation is done with underwater moving array, in order to solve the issue of
insufficient snapshots, the performance of an improved MUSIC algorithm GMUSIC based on random matrix
theory is analyzed. The GMUSIC method uses Stieltjes transformation to establish the correlation between
the true eigenvalues of the statistical covariance matrix and the sample covariance matrix in the approximation
domain, to correct the result of the sample covariance eigendecomposition. Simulations and experiments show
that the GMUSIC algorithm can better distinguish adjacent targets and require fewer snapshots than the
MUSIC algorithm. In the case of low SNR, the root mean square error of the GMUSIC algorithm is much
smaller than that of the MUSIC algorithm. The probability of success is much greater than the MUSIC
algorithm. Therefore, the GMUSIC algorithm is suitable for solving the problem of position estimation of
small snapshots of underwater acoustic targets.
Key words Bearing estimation, Small snapshot, Array signal processing, High resolution

2018-06-14 收稿; 2018-08-24 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (61671378)
∗
作者简介: 郭拓 (1986- ), 男, 陕西志丹人, 博士, 研究方向: 阵列信号处理, 目标方位估计。
† 通讯作者 E-mail: ywang@nwpu.edu.cn