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第 37 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 37, No.6
2018 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2018

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

基于散射矩阵法的飞机壁板声学优化设计

胡 莹 † 李晨曦 何立燕

(中国商飞上海飞机设计研究院 上海 201210)
摘要 采用散射矩阵法分析夹层板结构声学特性，并对典型的夹层板结构即飞机壁板进行声学优化，预计飞
机壁板隔声特性，获得蒙皮、隔声隔热层、内饰板及它们的组合结构的声学性能。针对尾吊飞机客舱后部噪声
过大问题，通过增加铺设隔热隔声层以及部分区域优化安装阻尼层等一系列被动降噪处理方法，对主要传递
路径的飞机壁板结构进行优化，降低客舱后部噪声水平，并进行试验验证。试验结果表明：散射矩阵法可快速
准确获得夹层结构的隔声性能，并与混响室法测试结果吻合较好；在厚度不变的前提下，改变隔热隔声层的铺
设方式和材料密度对壁板隔声性能影响较小，但在蒙皮内侧粘贴阻尼层能在一定频段范围提高壁板隔声性能；
将优化的壁板构型应用到飞机后舱段侧壁板，舱内噪声水平可降低约 3 dB。
关键词 统计能量分析，散射矩阵，传递矩阵，飞机壁板，隔声量
中图法分类号: TB53, V2 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2018)06-0916-11
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2018.06.013

Acoustic optimization design of aircraft panel based on

scattering-matrix method

HU Ying LI Chenxi HE Liyan
(Comac Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute, Shanghai 201210, China)

Abstract A scattering-matrix method is applied to analyze the acoustic characteristic of a sandwich structure,
and to optimize the insulation performance of a typical sandwich panel such as an aircraft panel. This method
can calculate the transmission loss of the panel structures, and effectively and rapidly evaluate the acoustic
insulation of the multilayered structure combined by skin panels, blankets and trim panels. Due to the fact
that the sound pressure level at the rear of a commercial aircraft with tail suspension engines overtops the
passenger cabin acoustical comfort requirement according to the noise frequency spectrum analysis, a series
of noise treatments would be considered to the panels which are the main transfer path of external noise into
the cabin. Meanwhile, an optimization has been applied to the aircraft panels and validated by flight test.
The results show that the scattering-matrix method can rapidly calculate the insulation performance of the
sandwich panel, and has a good agreement to the test results of the reverberation room measurement methods.
The transmission loss of the aircraft panel would be little improved by changing the blanket layout and density
under the condition that the thickness remains constant, but it could be obviously increased in some frequency
range by adhering damping layer to the skin. The cabin noise level would be reduced about 3 dB when the
optimal panel configuration is applied to the aircraft.
Key words Statistical energy analysis, Scattering matrix, Transfer matrix, Aircraft panel, Transmission loss

2017-12-26 收稿; 2018-05-06 定稿
作者简介: 胡莹 (1983- ), 女, 安徽池州人, 博士, 高级工程师, 研究方向: 舱内声学设计。
† 通讯作者 E-mail: huying2@comac.cc