Page 14 - 《应用声学》2021年第2期

第 40 卷 第 2 期 Vol. 40, No. 2
2021 年 3 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics March, 2021

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

挖掘机驾驶室低频结构噪声分析与优化 ∗

刘志恩 1,2† 王亚磊 1,2 柴鹏飞 1,2 李晓龙 1,2 刘跃吉 3 单 昆 3 吴 锦 3

(1 现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430070)

(2 汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心 武汉 430070)
(3 徐州工程机械集团有限公司 徐州 221005)
摘要：针对某小型液压挖掘机驾驶室低频噪声过大问题，对驾驶室结构振动特性进行分析。基于有限元模型
计算各工况下驾驶室噪声传递函数，运用统计学方法确定主要噪声峰值频率及相应工况；通过模态声学贡献
度计算，确定危险工况下噪声贡献量较大的模态阶数，参照模态振型确定驾驶室振动变形最大的车身板件；并
对该板件进行形貌优化处理，提高其一阶固有频率，进而降低驾驶室内噪声。优化结果表明，驾驶室噪声传递
函数在危险频率下的峰值下降了 2∼4 dB。
关键词：有限元；噪声传递函数；模态声学贡献度；形貌优化
中图法分类号: O429 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2021)02-0182-06
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.02.002

Analysis and optimization of low frequency structural noise of excavator cab

LIU Zhi’en 1,2 WANG Yalei 1,2 CHAI Pengfei 1,2 LI Xiaolong 1,2 LIU Yueji 3 SHAN Kun 3 WU Jin 3

(1 Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology f or Automotive Components, Wuhan 430070, China)
(2 Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, Wuhan 430070, China)

(3 Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group, Xuzhou 221005, China)

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of excessive low-frequency noise in the cab of a small hydraulic excavator, the
vibration characteristics of the cab structure were analyzed. Based on the finite element model, the analysis of
the noise transfer function of the cab under various operating conditions is calculated, and the peak frequency
of the main noise and the corresponding operating conditions are determined using statistical methods. The
modal acoustic contribution calculation is used to determine the mode with the larger noise contribution in
hazardous conditions. The order of the modes is determined by referring to the modal shapes of the vehicle
body panel with the largest vibration deformation in the cab. The shape of the panel is optimized to increase
its first-order natural frequency, thereby reducing the cabin noise. The optimization results show that the peak
value of cab noise transfer function at dangerous frequencies has dropped by 2∼4 dB.
Keywords: Finite element method; Noise transfer function; Contribution of modal acoustics; Topography
optimization

2020-05-18 收稿; 2020-07-15 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (51575410), 新能源汽车科学与关键技术学科创新引智基地资助项目 (B17034)
∗
作者简介: 刘志恩 (1977– ), 男, 湖北武汉人, 博士, 研究方向: 汽车噪声与振动控制。
通信作者 E-mail: Lzen@whut.edu.cn
†