Page 115 - 《应用声学》2021年第3期

第 40 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 40, No. 3
2021 年 5 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics May, 2021

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

点簧簧片振动特性数值分析 ∗

朱广平 † 王 成 门 伟 赵宿辰

(哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院 哈尔滨 150001)

摘要：簧片是笙等中国传统簧管类乐器的核心部件之一。通过点簧工艺可调整簧片振动频率，点簧簧片的差
异对整体乐器的声音效果具有重要影响。针对点簧簧片的振动特性问题，对其建立非均匀截面并具有质量负
载的振动模型，采用有限元方法计算点簧簧片的固有频率。大量算例分析了点簧质量、位置以及簧片的边界
条件对振动频率的影响，研究发现：若点簧质量不变，位置越靠近自由端调整频率越大，但同时应考虑对高
阶频率的激发避免影响音色；若位置相同，点簧质量与频率改变近似成正比，由此可方便调整簧片振动频率。
该文研究结果初步揭示了点簧簧片振动规律，可为制作、复原传统簧管类乐器中簧片的点簧工艺过程提供物
理依据。
关键词：点簧簧片；振动；频率；有限元
中图法分类号: O42 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2021)03-0433-07
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.03.015

Numerical analysis of the vibration of metallic reed with mass

ZHU Guangping WANG Cheng MEN Wei ZHAO Suchen

(College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

Abstract: The reed is one of the core parts of Chinese traditional reed instruments such as Sheng. The
vibration frequency of the reed can be adjusted by the metallic reed with mass technology, so the difference of
the metallic reed with mass has an important influence on the sound effect of the whole instrument. Aiming at
the vibration characteristics of metallic reed with mass, a vibration model with non-uniform cross section and
mass load was established, and the natural frequency of metallic reed with mass was calculated by finite element
method. A large number of examples were used to analyze the influence of the mass, position and boundary
conditions of the reed on the vibration frequency. The results show that if the mass remains unchanged, the
closer the position is to the free end, the higher the adjustment frequency will be. However, at the same time,
the excitation of the high frequency should be considered to avoid affecting the timbre. If the position is the
same, the mass is proportional to the change of frequency, thus the vibration frequency of reed can be adjusted
conveniently. The results of this study preliminarily reveal the vibration rule of metallic reed with mass, which
can provide a physical basis for making and restoring the metallic reed with mass process of reed in traditional
reed instruments.
Keywords: Metallic reed with mass; Vibration; Frequency; Finite element

2020-08-04 收稿; 2020-12-06 定稿
中央高校基本科研业务费专项 (GK2050260166)
∗
作者简介: 朱广平 (1980– ), 男, 黑龙江人, 博士, 副教授, 研究方向: 声与振动理论。
† 通信作者 E-mail: guangpingzhu@hrbeu.edu.cn