Page 120 - 《应用声学》2023年第3期

第 42 卷 第 3 期 Vol. 42, No. 3
2023 年 5 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics May, 2023

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

道岔尖轨轨底缺陷的磁致伸缩导波监测实验研究 ∗

刘 尧 1 吴 斌 1 刘秀成 1† 栗霞飞 1 林书毅 1

李佳明 2 谭树林 3 王鹏跃 3

(1 北京工业大学材料与制造学部 北京 100124)
(2 北京格创精仪科技有限公司 北京 102629)
(3 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 北京 100073)
摘要：道岔尖轨在线监测是轨道智慧运维的工程技术难题之一。该文利用开发的磁致伸缩超声导波监测系统，
对道岔尖轨开展了轨底缺陷监测实验。首先，分析了温度对导波监测信号特征的影响，波包能量值、传播时间
均与温度呈近似正相关；其次，对比研究了基于标定方程和参考基准的两种温度补偿方法，其中参考基准法对
信号的补偿效果更佳；最后，利用温度补偿后的特征波包能量值实现了缺陷尺寸逐步扩大过程的有效监测，且
波包能量值随缺陷深度的变化规律可以用抛物线方程进行近似描述。上述研究结果表明磁致伸缩超声导波技
术可以应用于道岔尖轨轨底缺陷的监测及定量评估。
关键词：道岔尖轨；轨底缺陷；磁致伸缩；超声导波；监测
中图法分类号: U216.3 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2023)03-0558-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2023.03.014

Experimental research on magnetostrictive-based guided waves monitoring of
defects at the bottom of switch rail

LIU Yao 1 WU Bin 1 LIU Xiucheng 1 LI Xiafei 1 LIN Shuyi 1

LI Jiaming 2 TAN Shulin 3 WANG Pengyue 3

(1 Department of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
(2 Beijing Gechuang Jingyi Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102629, China)
(3 CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Limited Company, Beijing 100073, China)

Abstract: Online monitoring of the switch rail is one of the engineering technical problems of intelligent
rail operation and maintenance. In this paper, the developed magnetostrictive-based ultrasonic guided waves
monitoring system was used to carry out the defect monitoring experiments on a switch rail. First, the influence
of temperature on the characteristics of the guided waves monitoring signals was analysed. The energy and the
propagation time of the wave packet demonstrated approximately positive correlated with the temperature.
Second, two temperature compensation methods based on the calibration equation and the reference bench-
mark were compared and it was found that the reference benchmark method had a better compensation effect
on the signal. Finally, the characteristic wave packet’s energy after temperature compensation was used to re-
alize the effective monitoring of the gradual enlargement process of defect. The relationship between the energy

2022-02-24 收稿; 2022-06-14 定稿
北京市自然科学基金资助项目 (4192006), 北京市科技新星项目 (Z191100001119044)
∗
作者简介: 刘尧 (1994– ), 男, 湖北天门人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 超声导波无损检测。
† 通信作者 E-mail: xiuchliu@bjut.edu.cn