Page 13 - 《应用声学》2020年第1期

第 39 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 39, No. 1
2020 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2020

⋄“全国储层声学与深部钻测技术前沿研讨会”举办十周年 ⋄

含平行裂缝储层中地震波频散、衰减及频变

各向异性 ∗

郭俊鑫 1,2† 方鑫定 1

(1 南方科技大学 深圳 518055)
(2 中国科学技术大学 合肥 230026)
摘要：裂缝厚度 (张开度) 对裂缝储层有效渗透率等起关键作用因而探测裂缝厚度对裂缝储层的勘探开发具
有重要意义。针对此，该文主要介绍地震波在含平行裂缝储层中的频散、衰减及频变各向异性特征，及其与裂
缝厚度的关系。重点探讨了流体运动与散射两种主要机制，并介绍了最新的理论模型研究进展。研究表明，裂
缝厚度对流体运动与散射机制均会产生重大影响，主要影响频率范围为流体运动的高频区域和散射的低频区
域。该频率范围常在地震频带内，故在实际地震勘探中应考虑裂缝厚度的影响，其同时为地震探测裂缝厚度提
供了理论基础。最后，还探讨了流体运动与散射机制的耦合作用，并给出了相应的理论模型。结果表明，两种
机制相互耦合时，地震波的频散衰减特征会发生明显变化，应予以考虑。
关键词：地震波；频散衰减；频变各向异性；流体运动；散射
中图法分类号: P315.3+1 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2020)01-0009-11
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2020.01.002
Seismic dispersion, attenuation, and frequency-dependent anisotropy

in reservoirs with aligned fractures

GUO Junxin 1,2 FANG Xinding 1

(1 Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China)
(2 University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)
Abstract: Fracture thickness (aperture) has significant influence on the effective permeability of the fractured
reservoirs. Therefore, it is of great importance to detect the fracture thickness in the exploration and develop-
ment of fractured reservoirs. For this purpose, this paper primarily introduces the dispersion, attenuation, and
frequency-dependent anisotropy of seismic waves in reservoirs with aligned fractures, as well as their relations
with fracture thickness. Two important mechanisms including wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF) and scattering
are investigated and the recent developments on the related theoretical models are introduced. It is found
that the fracture thickness has significant influence on both WIFF and scattering. The primary influenced
frequency regimes are the high frequency regime of WIFF and low frequency regime of scattering. These fre-
quency regimes usually fall into the seismic frequency band and hence it is essential to consider the effects
of fracture thickness in the seismic exploration. This in turn provides the theoretical basis for the seismic
detection of the fracture thickness. Finally, the coupling between WIFF and scattering is also investigated and
the corresponding model is given. The results show that the features of the seismic dispersion and attenuation
will become notably different when the coupling occurs. Hence, it needs to be considered.
Keywords: Seismic wave; Dispersion and attenuation; Frequency-dependent anisotropy; Wave-induced fluid
flow; Scattering

2019-07-08 收稿; 2019-10-24 定稿
中国博士后科学基金项目 (2019M650149)
∗
作者简介: 郭俊鑫 (1989– ), 男, 福建莆田人, 南方科技大学卓越博士后, 研究方向: 岩石物理与岩石力学。
† 通信作者 E-mail: guojx@sustech.edu.cn