Page 29 - 《应用声学》2023年第6期

第 42 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 42, No. 6
2023 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2023

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

压电陶瓷非线性对大功率换能器结构参数匹配

影响的计算分析

王晨青 马建敏 †

(复旦大学航空航天系 上海 200433)
摘要：在 Guyomar 非线性模型基础上，通过机电等效法将晶堆前向负载作为等效质量和阻尼加入振动方程的
质量项和阻尼项，推导了换能器振速、辐射声压级和谐振频率偏移率等表达式，计算分析了压电陶瓷非线性参
数和结构参数对换能器声辐射性能的影响，研究了压电陶瓷的非线性对换能器结构参数匹配的影响。结果表
明，换能器节面靠前，前盖板厚度越小，前盖板大径越小，都可以减少压电陶瓷非线性引起的换能器频率偏移。
当设计频率确定时，压电陶瓷处于非线性工作域的换能器的结构参数有所减小。换能器加入辐射端匹配后，可
以改善压电晶堆前向负载匹配，降低换能器的谐振频率偏移率。换能器激励电流也会出现频率偏移现象。在
提高换能器激励电压时，换能器的结构参数应适当减小。得到的结论可为换能器设计提供理论依据和帮助。
关键词：夹心式压电换能器；非线性；频率偏移；参数匹配
中图法分类号: TB552 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2023)06-1139-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2023.06.004

Computational analysis of influence of piezoelectric ceramic nonlinearity on

structural parameter matching of high power transducers

WANG Chenqing MA Jianmin

(Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China)

Abstract: On the basis of Guyomar nonlinear model, the forward load of the crystal stack is added as the
equivalent mass and damping into the mass and damping terms of the model by the electromechanical equivalent
method, thus the vibration velocity, radiation sound pressure level and frequency offset of the transducer
are deduced. The influence of nonlinear parameters and structural parameters of piezoelectric ceramics on
the acoustic radiation performance of the transducer is calculated and analyzed. And the influence of the
nonlinearity of piezoelectric ceramics on the matching of structural parameters of the transducer is analyzed.
The results show that when the nodal surface of the transducer is forward, the thickness of the front cover
is smaller, and the major diameter of the front cover is smaller, which can reduce the frequency offset of the
transducer caused by the nonlinearity of piezoelectric ceramics. When the design frequency is determined, the
structural parameters of the transducer are reduced. After adding radiation end matching to the transducer,
the forward load matching of the piezoelectric crystal stack can be improved, and the resonant frequency offset
rate of the transducer can be reduced. The transducer excitation current also exhibits nonlinear frequency
offset. When increasing the excitation voltage of the transducer, the structural parameters of the transducer
should be appropriately reduced. The obtained conclusions can provide theoretical basis and help for transducer
design.
Keywords: Sandwich piezoelectric transducer; Nonlinear; Frequency offset; Structural parameter matching

2022-07-05 收稿; 2022-08-25 定稿
作者简介: 王晨青 (1994– ), 男, 江苏通州人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 大功率换能器。
† 通信作者 E-mail: jmma@fudan.edu.cn