Page 29 - 《应用声学》2022年第6期

第 41 卷 第 6 期 Vol. 41, No. 6
2022 年 11 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics November, 2022

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

薄膜型声学超材料的结构设计与隔声特性 ∗

王亚琴 1 徐晓美 2† 林 萍 2

(1 南京林业大学机械电子工程学院 南京 210037)
(2 南京林业大学汽车与交通工程学院 南京 210037)
摘要：为探讨薄膜型声学超材料用于汽车前围声学包、提高其中低频隔声能力的可行性，设计一种米字摆臂多
质量块薄膜型声学超材料，构建其隔声分析有限元模型，分析其隔声特性及影响因素，开展结构优化及其在汽
车前围声学包上的应用探索。研究表明，所设计的薄膜型声学超材料单胞在中低频区域具有较宽的隔声频带；
增加薄膜上质量块半径或厚度会使传声损失曲线整体向低频区域移动，且质量块半径的增加还会拓宽高频区
域的隔声频带；增加薄膜厚度或预应力会使传声损失曲线整体向高频区域移动；优化后的薄膜型声学超材料
与钢板组合应用于汽车前围板，可明显提高其中低频隔声能力。
关键词：声学超材料；薄膜型；传声损失；有限元法；汽车前围板
中图法分类号: TB53; TB24 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2022)06-0875-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2022.06.004

Structural design and sound insulation characteristics of the membrane-type

acoustic metamaterial

WANG Yaqin 1 XU Xiaomei 2 LIN Ping 2

(1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)
(2 College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)
Abstract: In order to explore the feasibility of applying the membrane-type acoustic metamaterials (MAMs)
in soundproof treatment of automobile dash panels and thus to improve their acoustic insulation performance
at the range of medium and low frequencies, a type of multi-mass MAM was designed. The finite element
model of sound insulation analysis was built, the sound insulation characteristics and influencing factors were
analyzed, the structural optimization and its application in acoustic treatment of automobile dash panels were
investigated. Research results show that the MAM cell that designed in this paper has wide sound insulation
frequency band during the middle and low frequency. With increasing of the radius or thickness of the mass
block on the membrane the sound transmission loss (STL) curve moves to the low-frequency region. Moreover,
the increase in the radius of the mass also widens the sound insulation frequency band at the high frequency
region. With increasing of the thickness or pre-stress of the membrane the STL curve moves to the highfrequency
region. The application of the optimized MAM combining with the steel plate in the acoustic treatment of
automobile dash panels can obviously improve the sound insulation ability at the low and middle frequencies.
Keywords: Acoustic metamaterial; Membrane type; Sound transmission loss; Finite element method;
Automobile dash panel

2021-09-23 收稿; 2021-11-30 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (51605228), 江苏省第十四批 “六大人才高峰” 项目 (JXQC-025)
∗
作者简介: 王亚琴 (1987– ), 女, 江苏镇江人, 博士研究生, 研究方向: 声学超材料设计与应用。
通信作者 E-mail: xxm120480@126.com
†