Page 86 - 《应用声学》2024年第1期

第 43 卷 第 1 期 Vol. 43, No. 1
2024 年 1 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics January, 2024

⋄ 研究报告 ⋄

纯电动汽车车身泄压阀引起的低频涡声

耦合问题识别分析

沈 龙 1 张 军 2† 黄应来 2 李 欣 1 宋 琼 1

(1 浙江智马达智能科技有限公司 宁波 315336)
(2 吉利汽车研究院宁波有限公司 宁波 315336)

摘要：由于纯电动汽车底部平整，高速行驶时可能容易诱发气流与车身泄压阀耦合，从而引起车内低频噪声问
题，严重降低乘坐舒适性。以某纯电动汽车高速行驶低频涡声耦合问题的测试排查分析过程为例，系统地介绍
了低频涡声耦合问题的发生机理，设计了一种用于验证低频噪声问题的静置试验方法，识别出影响低频噪声
的关键要素，并设计了泄压阀罩工程化方案，实车验证了方案的有效性，这对于解决纯电动汽车低频涡声耦合
问题和前期开发问题识别具有借鉴和参考价值。
关键词：泄压阀；空腔；涡；自激振荡；耦合
中图法分类号: U469.72+2 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2024)01-0082-08
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2024.01.010

Analysis and identification of low frequency vortex-acoustic coupling problem
caused by decompression air vent of electric vehicle

SHEN Long 1 ZHANG Jun 2 HUANG Yinglai 2 LI Xin 1 SONG Qiong 1

(1 Zhejiang Smart Automobile Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315336, China)
(2 Geely Automotive Research InstituteNingbo Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315336, China)

Abstract: Due to the flat bottom of electric vehicle (EV), it is easy to stimulate low-frequency sound at
high speed, which seriously reduces ride comfort. In this paper, a EV decompression air vent low-frequency
vortex-acoustic coupling problem at high speed is taken as the research object. The mechanism of low frequency
vortex-acoustic coupling problem is systematically introduced. A static test method is designed to verify the low
frequency noise problem, and the key factors affecting the low frequency noise are identified. The effectiveness
of the scheme is verified by the vehicle subjective evaluation and objective test. This paper has important
engineering guiding significance for solving the low-frequency sound problem.
Keywords: Decompression air vent; Cavity; Vortex; Self-sustained oscillation; Coupling

2022-09-08 收稿; 2022-11-11 定稿
作者简介: 沈龙 (1987– ), 男, 四川人, 主任工程师, 研究方向: 整车 NVH 性能开发。
† 通信作者 E-mail: zj_zmkm@126.com