Page 136 - 《应用声学》2025年第2期

第 44 卷 第 2 期 Vol. 44, No. 2
2025 年 3 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics March, 2025

⋄ 研究论文 ⋄

梯度流阻率多孔材料设计与声学性能分析 ∗

程宇翔 1 熊鑫忠 2 刘学文 1† 周跃亭 3

(1 上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院 上海 201620)
(2 上海普信科技有限公司 上海 200335)
(3 同济大学航空航天与力学学院 上海 200092)

摘要：传统均匀介质声学材料已不能满足现代声学对于宽频吸声的要求，因此提出具有不同梯度流阻率的复
合结构。以具有梯度流阻率的聚氨酯泡沫为研究对象，基于 Johnson-Champoux-Allard(JCA) 模型及传递矩
阵法分析并确定了流阻率的变化范围和梯度结构，将材料划分为 5 层以准确表征吸声系数，研究了流阻率的梯
度函数形式和分布曲线的特征对吸声性能的影响。结果表明，沿着声传播方向流阻率由低到高梯度变化的设
计吸声性能较好，流阻率变化按照对数梯度形式的结构可以提高宽频吸声系数，而对数曲线的曲率适中可避
免高流阻导致中高频吸声系数降低。梯度流阻率的设计降低了多孔材料的吸声谷带来的影响，对多孔材料的
结构设计及其在声学领域上的应用具有重要的指导意义。
关键词：聚氨酯泡沫；流阻率；梯度形式；梯度差；吸声系数
中图法分类号: TB535+.1 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2025)02-0396-09
DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2025.02.014

Design and sound performance analysis of porous materials with
gradient airflow resistivity

CHENG Yuxiang , XIONG Xinzhong , LIU Xuewen and ZHOU Yueting 3
1
2
1
(1 School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China)
(2 Prosynx Technology Inc., Shanghai 200335, China)
(3 School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract: Conventional homogeneous dielectric acoustic materials can no longer meet the requirements of
modern acoustics for broadband sound absorption, so composite structures with different gradient airflow
resistivity are proposed. Taking polyurethane foam as the research object, based on Johnson-Champoux-Allard
(JCA) model and the transfer matrix method, the range of airflow resistivity and gradient structure were
determined, divided the material into five layers to accurately characterize the sound absorption coefficient,
the effect of the gradient function form and distribution curves characteristics on the sound absorption perfor-
mance were studied. The results show that the design with a gradient of airflow resistivity from low to high
along the sound propagation direction has better sound absorption performance, and the structure in which
airflow resistivity follows a logarithmic gradient form can improve the broadband sound absorption coefficient,

2023-10-17 收稿; 2023-11-28 定稿
国家自然科学基金项目 (12272269)
∗
作者简介: 程宇翔 (1999– ), 男, 江西景德镇人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 声学复合材料。
通信作者 E-mail: liuxuew2002@126.com
†